Статья

All-perovskite tandem solar cells with improved grain surface passivation

Renxing LinNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaJian XuDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaMingyang WeiDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaYurui WangNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaZhengyuan QinSchool of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaZhou LiuNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaJinlong WuNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaKe XiaoNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaBin ChenDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaSo Min ParkDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaGang ChenSchool of Physical Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, ChinaHarindi R. AtapattuDepartment of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USAKenneth R. GrahamDepartment of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USAJun XuSchool of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaJia ZhuNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaLudong LiNational Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaChunfeng ZhangSchool of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, ChinaEdward H. SargentDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaHairen TanFrontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

ABI

Аннотация

Abstract All-perovskite tandem solar cells hold the promise of surpassing the efficiency limits of single-junction solar cells1–3; however, until now, the best-performing all-perovskite tandem solar cells have exhibited lower certified efficiency than have single-junction perovskite solar cells4, 5. A thick mixed Pb–Sn narrow-bandgap subcell is needed to achieve high photocurrent density in tandem solar cells6, yet this is challenging owing to the short carrier diffusion length within Pb–Sn perovskites. Here we develop ammonium-cation-passivated Pb–Sn perovskites with long diffusion lengths, enabling subcells that have an absorber thickness of approximately 1.2 μm. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that widely used phenethylammonium cations are only partially adsorbed on the surface defective sites at perovskite crystallization temperatures. The passivator adsorption is predicted to be enhanced using 4-trifluoromethyl-phenylammonium (CF3-PA), which exhibits a stronger perovskite surface-passivator interaction than does phenethylammonium. By adding a small amount of CF3-PA into the precursor solution, we increase the carrier diffusion length within Pb–Sn perovskites twofold, to over 5 μm, and increase the efficiency of Pb–Sn perovskite solar cells to over 22%. We report a certified efficiency of 26.4% in all-perovskite tandem solar cells, which exceeds that of the best-performing single-junction perovskite solar cells. Encapsulated tandem devices retain more than 90% of their initial performance after 600 h of operation at the maximum power point under 1 Sun illumination in ambient conditions.

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