Статья

The IntCal20 Northern Hemisphere Radiocarbon Age Calibration Curve (0–55 cal kBP)

Paula ReimerThe 14CHRONO Centre for Climate, the Environment and Chronology, School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University BelfastBT7 1NN, UKWilliam E. N. AustinSchool of Geography & Sustainable Development, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9AL, UKÉdouard BardAix-Marseille UniversitéAlex BaylissHistoric England, 25 Dowgate Hill, London, EC4R 2YA UKPaul G. BlackwellSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UKChristopher Bronk RamseySchool of Archaeology, University of Oxford, 1 South Parks Road, OxfordOX1 3TG, UKMartin ButzinAlfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum fr Polar-und Meeresforschung (AWI), 27515 Bremerhaven, GermanyHai ChengDepartment of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0231, USAR. Lawrence EdwardsSchool of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, ChinaMichael FriedrichUniversity of Hohenheim, Hohenheim Gardens (772), 70599 Stuttgart, GermanyPieter Meiert GrootesInstitute for Ecosystem Research, Kiel University, Kiel, GermanyT. P. GuildersonOcean Sciences Department, University of California – Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA95064, USAIrka HajdasTimothy HeatonSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UKAlan HoggRadiocarbon Dating Laboratory, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New ZealandKonrad A HughenDepartment of Marine Chemistry & Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USABernd KromerInstitute of Environmental Physics, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanySturt W. ManningCornell Tree Ring Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14853, USARaimund MuschelerQuaternary Sciences, Department of Geology, Lund University, Slvegatan 12, 223 62 Lund, SwedenJonathan PalmerChronosCharlotte PearsonThe Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85721-0400, USAJ. van der PlichtCentrum voor Isotopen Onderzoek, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Nijenborgh 6, 9747 AG Groningen, NetherlandsRon ReimerThe 14CHRONO Centre for Climate, the Environment and Chronology, School of Natural and Built Environment, Queen's University BelfastBT7 1NN, UKDavid A. RichardsSchool of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1SS, UKE. M. ScottSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, GlasgowG12 8QS, ScotlandJohn SouthonDepartment of Earth System Science, University of California -Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USAChris TurneyChronos 14Carbon-Cycle Facility, the Changing Earth Research Centre, and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW2052, AustraliaLukas WackerFlorian AdolphiClimate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute & Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Sidlerstrasse 5, 3012 Bern, SwitzerlandUlf BüntgenGlobal Change Research Centre (CzechGlobe), 603 00Brno, Czech RepublicManuela CapanoCEREGE, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Collge de France, Technople de l'Arbois, Aix-en-Provence, FranceSimon FahrniDepartment of Earth System Science, University of California -Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USAAlexandra Fogtmann-SchulzDepartment of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Hegh-Guldbergs Gade 2, 8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkRonny FriedrichCurt-Engelhorn-Centre Archaeometry, Mannheim, GermanyPeter KöhlerAlfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung (AWI), 27515Bremerhaven, GermanySabrina G K KudskDepartment of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Hegh-Guldbergs Gade 2, 8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkFusa MiyakeInstitute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, JapanJesper OlsenAarhus AMS Centre (AARAMS), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkFrederick ReinigSwiss Federal Research Institute (WSL), 8903 Birmensdorf, SwitzerlandMinoru SakamotoNational Museum of Japanese History, Sakura, JapanAdam SookdeoChronosSahra TalamoDept. of Chemistry G. Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy

2020en

ABI

Аннотация

ABSTRACT Radiocarbon ( 14 C) ages cannot provide absolutely dated chronologies for archaeological or paleoenvironmental studies directly but must be converted to calendar age equivalents using a calibration curve compensating for fluctuations in atmospheric 14 C concentration. Although calibration curves are constructed from independently dated archives, they invariably require revision as new data become available and our understanding of the Earth system improves. In this volume the international 14 C calibration curves for both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, as well as for the ocean surface layer, have been updated to include a wealth of new data and extended to 55,000 cal BP. Based on tree rings, IntCal20 now extends as a fully atmospheric record to ca. 13,900 cal BP. For the older part of the timescale, IntCal20 comprises statistically integrated evidence from floating tree-ring chronologies, lacustrine and marine sediments, speleothems, and corals. We utilized improved evaluation of the timescales and location variable 14 C offsets from the atmosphere (reservoir age, dead carbon fraction) for each dataset. New statistical methods have refined the structure of the calibration curves while maintaining a robust treatment of uncertainties in the 14 C ages, the calendar ages and other corrections. The inclusion of modeled marine reservoir ages derived from a three-dimensional ocean circulation model has allowed us to apply more appropriate reservoir corrections to the marine 14 C data rather than the previous use of constant regional offsets from the atmosphere. Here we provide an overview of the new and revised datasets and the associated methods used for the construction of the IntCal20 curve and explore potential regional offsets for tree-ring data. We discuss the main differences with respect to the previous calibration curve, IntCal13, and some of the implications for archaeology and geosciences ranging from the recent past to the time of the extinction of the Neanderthals.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1017/rdc.2020.41

Цитирования и источники

Цитирований: 17Использованных источников: 0

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