Isolation and Characterization of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria

Biotechnology has opened up new possibilities concerning the application of beneficial bacteria to the soil for the promotion of plant growth and the biological control of soil-borne pathogens. 1-3 Since the large scale release of genetically engineered bacteria to the environment faces a number of regulatory hurdles, the need to isolate and select superior, naturally occurring rhizosphere bacteria continues to be of interest. Apart from rhizobia symbionts, the rhizosphere-associated beneficial bacteria consist of the following genera: (1) Pseudomonas and Bacillus, which antagonize pathogenic or deleterious microorganisms (biological control) and (2) bacteria that enhance plant growth directly such as Azospirillum, Herbaspirillum, Enterobacter, Acetobacter, Azotobater, and Pseudomonas, as well as many unidentified rhizosphere isolates. The nutritional and environmental requirements of these bacteria are very diverse, and hence there is no general method that can be used to isolate all species of Plant GrowthPromoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Accordingly, a variety of methods have been developed, primarily within the last two decades.

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