Carbon nanostructure containing plasma: Medium for efficient high-order harmonics of 1030 nm laser

We analyze the high-order harmonics generation from the plasmas produced on the carbon-containing targets (graphite, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes) using near infrared laser radiation. This approach utilizes two synchronized laser sources: one (6 ns, 1064 nm) for creating optimal laser-induced plasma and the other (40 fs, 1030 nm) for generating high-order harmonics, which allowed for analyzing the evolution of different plasma plumes up to longer delays from the beginning of ablation. The role of different carbon-based nanostructures in the frequency conversion of laser pulses is studied at different conditions of plasma formation. We show that all carbon clusters and nanostructures acquire from the very beginning approximately the same kinetic energy and spread out of the surface with velocity that is similar to the one that is possessed by a single carbon atom ablated from bulk material.

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