Статья

Single Atoms and Clusters Based Nanomaterials for Hydrogen Evolution, Oxygen Evolution Reactions, and Full Water Splitting

Siraj SultanCenter for Superfunctional Materials Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST‐gil Ulsan 44919 South KoreaJitendra N. TiwariCenter for Superfunctional Materials Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST‐gil Ulsan 44919 South KoreaAditya Narayan SinghCenter for Superfunctional Materials Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST‐gil Ulsan 44919 South KoreaShynggys ZhumagaliCenter for Superfunctional Materials Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST‐gil Ulsan 44919 South KoreaMiran HaCenter for Superfunctional Materials Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST‐gil Ulsan 44919 South KoreaChang Woo MyungCenter for Superfunctional Materials Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST‐gil Ulsan 44919 South KoreaPandiarajan ThangavelCenter for Superfunctional Materials Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST‐gil Ulsan 44919 South KoreaKwang S. KimCenter for Superfunctional Materials Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST‐gil Ulsan 44919 South Korea

2019en

ABI

Аннотация

Abstract The sustainable and scalable production of hydrogen through hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen through oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in water splitting demands efficient and robust electrocatalysts. Currently, state‐of‐the‐art electrocatalysts of Pt and IrO 2 /RuO 2 exhibit the benchmark catalytic activity toward HER and OER, respectively. However, expanding their practical application is hindered by their exorbitant price and scarcity. Therefore, the development of alternative effective electrocatalysts for water splitting is crucial. In the last few decades, substantial effort has been devoted to the development of alternative HER/OER and water splitting catalysts based on various transition metals (including Fe, Co, Ni, Mo, and atomic Pt) which show promising catalytic activities and durability. In this review, after a brief introduction and basic mechanism of HER/OER, the authors systematically discuss the recent progress in design, synthesis, and application of single atom and cluster‐based HER/OER and water splitting catalysts. Moreover, the crucial factors that can tune the activity of catalysts toward HER/OER and water splitting such as morphology, crystal defects, hybridization of metals with nonmetals, heteroatom doping, alloying, and formation of metals inside graphitic layered materials are discussed. Finally, the existing challenges and future perspectives for improving the performance of electrocatalysts for water splitting are addressed.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201900624

Цитирования и источники

Цитирований: 2Использованных источников: 0

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