Обзорная статья

Monkeypox (Mpox) requires continued surveillance, vaccines, therapeutics and mitigating strategies

Rachel L. RoperBrody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, USA. Electronic address: [email protected]Alfredo Garzino‐DemoDepartment of Molecular, Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USACarlos del Rı́oEmory Center for AIDS Research, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USAChristian BréchotUniversity of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USARobert C. GalloInstitute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USAWilliam J. HallCentre for Research in Infectious Diseases at University College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandJosé EsparzaInstitute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USAMarvin S. ReitzInstitute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USARaymond F. SchinaziCenter for ViroScience and Cure, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, USAMark ParringtonVaccine R&D, Sanofi, Waltham, MA, USAJames TartagliaVaccine R&D, Sanofi, Swiftwater, PA, USAMarion KoopmansErasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, NetherlandsJorge E. OsorioGlobal Health Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USAAndreas NitscheRobert Koch Institute, Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, German Reference Laboratory for Poxviruses, Seestrasse 10, 13353, GermanyTan Boon HuanDSO National Laboratories, Respiratory and Infectious Disease Program, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, SingaporeJames W. LeDucUniversity of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USAAntoine GessainInstitut Pasteur, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, FranceScott C. WeaverInstitute for Human Infections and Immunity and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USASuresh MahalingamEmerging Viruses, Inflammation and Therapeutics Group, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, AustraliaAlash’le AbimikuInstitute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USAAnders VahlneKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenJoaquím SegalésUnitat Mixta d'investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA) and Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinàriaia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, SpainLin‐Fa WangProgramme for Research in Epidemic Preparedness and Response (PREPARE), and Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases at Duke-NUS Medical School, SingaporeStuart N. IsaacsDivision of Infectious Diseases Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USAAlbert D. M. E. OsterhausCenter of Infection Medicine and Zoonosis Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, GermanyRichard H. ScheuermannDepartment of Informatics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USAGrant McFaddenBiodesign Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, Arizona State University, USA

2023en

ABI

Аннотация

The widespread outbreak of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) recognized in 2022 poses new challenges for public healthcare systems worldwide. With more than 86,000 people infected, there is concern that MPXV may become endemic outside of its original geographical area leading to repeated human spillover infections or continue to be spread person-to-person. Fortunately, classical public health measures (e.g., isolation, contact tracing and quarantine) and vaccination have blunted the spread of the virus, but cases are continuing to be reported in 28 countries in March 2023. We describe here the vaccines and drugs available for the prevention and treatment of MPXV infections. However, although their efficacy against monkeypox (mpox) has been established in animal models, little is known about their efficacy in the current outbreak setting. The continuing opportunity for transmission raises concerns about the potential for evolution of the virus and for expansion beyond the current risk groups. The priorities for action are clear: 1) more data on the efficacy of vaccines and drugs in infected humans must be gathered; 2) global collaborations are necessary to ensure that government authorities work with the private sector in developed and low and middle income countries (LMICs) to provide the availability of treatments and vaccines, especially in historically endemic/enzootic areas; 3) diagnostic and surveillance capacity must be increased to identify areas and populations where the virus is present and may seed resurgence; 4) those at high risk of severe outcomes (e.g., immunocompromised, untreated HIV, pregnant women, and inflammatory skin conditions) must be informed of the risk of infection and be protected from community transmission of MPXV; 5) engagement with the hardest hit communities in a non-stigmatizing way is needed to increase the understanding and acceptance of public health measures; and 6) repositories of monkeypox clinical samples, including blood, fluids, tissues and lesion material must be established for researchers. This MPXV outbreak is a warning that pandemic preparedness plans need additional coordination and resources. We must prepare for continuing transmission, resurgence, and repeated spillovers of MPXV.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.04.010

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Цитирований: 2Использованных источников: 0

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