Differential frequency-dependent delay from the pulsar magnetosphere
T. E. HassallSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UKB. W. StappersJodrell Bank Center for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKP. WeltevredeJodrell Bank Center for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKJ. W. T. HesselsAstronomical Institute “Anton Pannekoek”, University of Amsterdam, Postbus 94249, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The NetherlandsA. AlexovAstronomical Institute “Anton Pannekoek”, University of Amsterdam, Postbus 94249, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The NetherlandsThijs CoenenAstronomical Institute “Anton Pannekoek”, University of Amsterdam, Postbus 94249, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The NetherlandsA. KarastergiouAstrophysics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UKM. KrämerJodrell Bank Center for Astrophysics, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKE. F. KeaneMax-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, GermanyV. I. KondratievNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsJ. van LeeuwenAstronomical Institute “Anton Pannekoek”, University of Amsterdam, Postbus 94249, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The NetherlandsA. NoutsosMax-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, GermanyM. PiliaNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsM. SerylakLaboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace, LPC2E, UMR 7328 CNRS, 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, FranceC. SobeyMax-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, GermanyK. ZagkourisAstrophysics, University of Oxford, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3RH, UKR. P. FenderSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UKM. E. BellARC Centre of Excellence for All-sky astrophysics (CAASTRO), Sydney Institute of Astronomy, University of Sydney, 44 Rosehill Street Redfern, NSW 2016 Sydney, AustraliaJ. W. BroderickSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UKJ. EislöffelThüringer Landessternwarte, Sternwarte 5, 07778 Tautenburg, GermanyH. FalckeDepartment of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The NetherlandsJ.‐M. GrießmeierLaboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace, LPC2E, UMR 7328 CNRS, 45071 Orléans Cedex 02, FranceM. KuniyoshiMax-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, GermanyJames C. A. Miller-JonesAstronomical Institute “Anton Pannekoek”, University of Amsterdam, Postbus 94249, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The NetherlandsM. W. WiseAstronomical Institute “Anton Pannekoek”, University of Amsterdam, Postbus 94249, 1090 GE Amsterdam, The NetherlandsO. WucknitzArgelander-Institut für Astronomie, University of Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, 53121 Bonn, GermanyP. ZarkaLESIA, UMR CNRS 8109, Observatoire de Paris, 92195 Meudon, FranceA. AsgekarNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsF. BatejatOnsala Space Observatory, Dept. of Earth and Space Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 43992 Onsala, SwedenMarinus Jan BentumNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsG. BernardiP. N. BestInstitute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory of Edinburgh, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UKA. BonafedeJacobs University Bremen, Campus Ring 1, 28759 Bremen, GermanyF. BreitlingLeibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), An der Sternwarte 16, 14482 Potsdam, GermanyM. BrüggenUniversity of Hamburg, Gojenbergsweg112, 21029 Hamburg, GermanyH. R. ButcherNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsB. CiardiMax Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Karl Schwarzschild Str. 1, 85741 Garching, GermanyF. de GasperinMax Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Karl Schwarzschild Str. 1, 85741 Garching, GermanyJ.-P. de ReijerNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsS. DuschaNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsR. A. FallowsNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsC. FerrariLaboratoire Lagrange, UMR7293, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, CNRS, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, 06300 Nice, FranceW. FrieswijkNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsM. A. GarrettLeiden Observatory, Leiden University, PO Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The NetherlandsA. W. GunstNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsG. HealdNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsM. HoeftThüringer Landessternwarte, Sternwarte 5, 07778 Tautenburg, GermanyE. JuetteAstronomisches Institut der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitaetsstrasse 150, 44780 Bochum, GermanyP. MaatNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsJ. P. McKeanNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsM. J. NordenNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsM. Pandey-PommierCentre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon, Observatoire de Lyon, 9 Av. Charles André, 69561 Saint Genis Laval Cedex, FranceR. PizzoNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsA. G. PolatidisNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsW. ReichMax-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, GermanyH. J. A. RöttgeringLeiden Observatory, Leiden University, PO Box 9513, 2300 RA Leiden, The NetherlandsJ. SlumanNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsY. TangNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsC. TasseLESIA, UMR CNRS 8109, Observatoire de Paris, 92195 Meudon, FranceR. C. VermeulenNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsR. J. van WeerenHarvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USAS. J. WijnholdsNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The NetherlandsS. YatawattaNetherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Postbus 2, 7990 AA Dwingeloo, The Netherlands
2013en
ABI
Аннотация
Some radio pulsars show clear “drifting subpulses”, in which subpulses are seen to drift in pulse longitude in a systematic pattern. Here we examine how the drifting subpulses of PSR B0809+74 evolve with time and observing frequency. We show that the subpulse period (P3) is constant on timescales of days, months and years, and between 14–5100 MHz. Despite this, the shapes of the driftbands change radically with frequency. Previous studies have concluded that, while the subpulses appear to move through the pulse window approximately linearly at low frequencies (<500 MHz), a discrete step of ~180° in subpulse phase is observed at higher frequencies (>820 MHz) near to the peak of the average pulse profile. We use LOFAR, GMRT, GBT, WSRT and Effelsberg 100-m data to explore the frequency-dependence of this phase step. We show that the size of the subpulse phase step increases gradually, and is observable even at low frequencies. We attribute the subpulse phase step to the presence of two separate driftbands, whose relative arrival times vary with frequency – one driftband arriving 30 pulses earlier at 20 MHz than it does at 1380 MHz, whilst the other arrives simultaneously at all frequencies. The drifting pattern which is observed here cannot be explained by either the rotating carousel model or the surface oscillation model, and could provide new insight into the physical processes happening within the pulsar magnetosphere.
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