Expired Lircetam drug as a corrosion inhibitor for low-carbon steel in 1 M HCl: Experimental, theoretical, and quantum chemical insights

Lircetam (LRTM) is a drug used for the treatment of epilepsy. The disposal of expired LRTM poses environmental risks, yet it retains active components that can be repurposed. This research investigates the application of expired LRTM as a corrosion inhibitor for low-carbon steel (LCS) in a 1 M HCl solution. Electrochemical methods, including Tafel polarization (PDP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), alongside weight loss measurements, were employed to evaluate the efficacy of LRTM in protecting LCS against corrosion. The highest inhibition efficiencies was reported 98.16%, at 60 ppm optimal concentration. The adsorption behavior of LRTM molecules follows the Langmuir isotherm model. Surface analysis through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that the LCS surface remained largely unaffected by the acid solution in the presence of LRTM . Contact angle (CA) measurements revealed that the adsorption of LRTM molecules increased the hydrophobicity of the LCS surface. LRTM acts as a mixed-type inhibitor, impeding both anodic and cathodic reactions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provided further insight into the chemical interactions between LRTM and the LCS surface. This research introduces the novel application of expired lircetam, highlighting its non-toxic nature and cost-effectiveness, making it a promising alternative for corrosion prevention in industrial applications. This study investigates the dual role of Lircetum in addressing expired pharmaceutical waste and developing an efficient corrosion inhibitor for LCS in acidic environments. Repurposing expired Lircetum provides a sustainable solution to environmental hazards while demonstrating high corrosion inhibition efficiency. • Expired lircetam was investigated as a corrosion inhibitor for low-carbon steel in acidic media. • Lircetam demonstrated a maximum inhibition efficiency of 98.16% at 60 ppm in 1 M HCl. • The adsorption of lircetam on the steel surface followed the Langmuir isotherm model. • Advanced microscopy techniques confirmed a protective layer formation on the steel. • Theoretical studies and molecular simulations elucidated the inhibitor's efficiency and stability.

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