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Dale R. HarshmanDepartment of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USAW. J. KosslerDepartment of Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USAX. WanDepartment of Physics, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USAA. T. FioryBell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974, USAA. J. GreerDepartment of Physics, Gonzaga University, Spokane, Washington 99258, USAD. R. NoakesDepartment of Physics, Virginia State University, Petersburg, Virginia 23806, USAC. E. StronachDepartment of Physics, Virginia State University, Petersburg, Virginia 23806, USAE. KösterDepartment of Physics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z1John D. DowDepartment of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
2004lv
ABI

Аннотация

Muon spin rotation $({\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}\mathrm{SR})$ measurements were conducted on a single crystal of ${\mathrm{YBa}}_{2}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ with a superconducting transition temperature of ${T}_{c}\ensuremath{\approx}91.3\mathrm{K}$ and a transition width of $\ensuremath{\Delta}{T}_{c}&lt;0.5\mathrm{K}$ in zero applied field. Data were taken at applied magnetic fields along the c axis of 0.05, 1.0, 3.0, and 6.0 T. We found, by taking into account the expected field-dependent and temperature-activated flux-line disorder, that our results were in fact consistent with a nodeless (s-wave) superconducting order parameter and that they appeared to be inconsistent with order parameters possessing nodes, such as those having ${d}_{{x}^{2}\ensuremath{-}{y}^{2}}$ symmetry. This result is consistent with early \ensuremath{\mu}SR measurements on sintered samples in which (we believe) strong pinning eliminated the temperature and field dependence of the vortex lattice disorder. These data (including their observed dependences on magnetic field) are, however, completely consistent with s-wave (or extended s-wave) pairing, provided that field-dependent and temperature-activated vortex depinning is also accounted for. Our results (i) confirm the s-wave superconductivity character originally observed in 1989, and (ii) show that the features of \ensuremath{\mu}SR (and microwave) data claimed by other authors to be evidence for d-wave superconductivity are instead symptomatic of temperature-dependent depinning of vortices, which results in long-ranged distortion of the flux lattice. Indeed, the probability that any published d-wave model gives a better fit than the two-fluid model is less than $4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}.$

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