Comparative Testing Lightweight Buildings with PCMs within a Whole-Building Simulation Level

Building performance simulation (BPS) is a cost-effective and time-efficient method of predicting the efficiency of energy-saving building modifications. The most common BPS tools for determining the contribution of PCMs to energy savings in buildings are EnergyPlus, TRNSYS, and ESP-r. One should note that in this study that PCM-models based on Modelica have been thoroughly compared at the whole-building performance simulation level. We evaluated the accuracy of the Modelica-based models of basic Cases 600, 600FF and 650FF compared to eight reference data from the ASHRAE Standard 140. After the evaluation of accuracy, various modified models of the cases with PCM layers were compared. The main purpose of comparison was to test and illustrate the PCM model’s modeling capabilities in the context of whole-buildings, rather than to focus on best solutions for single PCMs. Coefficients of determination for the created models of Cases 600FF and 650FF are 0.9998 and 0.9999, respectively. RMSEs for the created model of Cases 600FF and 650FF are 0.72 and 0.35°C, respectively. Finally, preliminary results of PCM integration in full structures revealed that precise analysis is required when constructing PCMs within building envelopes, as the dynamic thermal performance of buildings is highly dependent on many elements such as PCM layer characteristics and placement.

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