AGATA—Advanced GAmma Tracking Array
S. AkkoyunDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Tandoğan, Ankara, TurkeyA. AlgoraIFIC, CSIC-Universitat de Valéncia, E-46980 Paterna, SpainBabak AlikhaniIKP, TU Darmstadt, Schlossgartenstraße 9, D-64289 Darmstadt, GermanyF. AmeilGSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, GermanyG. de AngelisINFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, IT-35020 Padova, ItalyL. ArnoldCNRS, UMR 7178, 67037 Strasbourg, FranceA. AstierCSNSM, CNRS, IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay, FranceA. AtaçDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenYoann AubertIPNO, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, F-91406 Orsay, FranceC. AufrancUniversité de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS-IN2P3, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, FranceA. AustinSTFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, Warrington WA4 4AD, UKS. AydinINFN Sezione di Padova, IT-35131 Padova, ItalyF. AzaiezIPNO, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, F-91406 Orsay, FranceS. BadoerINFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, IT-35020 Padova, ItalyD. L. BalabanskiInstitute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, BulgariaD. BarrientosUniversitat de València, Valencia, SpainG. BaulieuUniversité de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS-IN2P3, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, FranceR. BaumannCNRS, UMR 7178, 67037 Strasbourg, FranceD. BazzaccoINFN Sezione di Padova, IT-35131 Padova, ItalyF.A. BeckCNRS, UMR 7178, 67037 Strasbourg, FranceT. BeckCNRS, UMR 7178, 67037 Strasbourg, FranceP. BednarczykPolish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, PolandM. BellatoUniversité de Strasbourg, IPHC, 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg, FranceM. A. BentleyUniversity of York, York, United KingdomG. BenzoniUniversité de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS-IN2P3, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, FranceR. BerthierCNRS, UMR 7178, 67037 Strasbourg, FranceLisa BertiUniversité de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS-IN2P3, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, FranceR. BeunardCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, FranceG. Lo BiancoIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Rome, ItalyB. BirkenbachUniversity of Cologne, Cologne, GermanyP. G. BizzetiUniversity of Florence, Florence, ItalyA. M. Bizzeti–SonaUniversity of Florence, Florence, ItalyF. BlancUniversité Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceJosé‐María BlascoUniversitat de València, Valencia, SpainN. BlasiCNRS, UMR 7178, 67037 Strasbourg, FranceD. BloorUniversity of York, York, United KingdomC. BoianoCNRS, UMR 7178, 67037 Strasbourg, FranceM. BorsatoUniversity of Padua, Padua, ItalyD. BortolatoUniversity of Padua, Padua, ItalyA.J. BostonUniversity of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingdomH.C. BostonUniversity of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingdomP. BourgaultCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, FranceP. BoutachkovTechnical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, GermanyA. BoutyDipartimento di Fisica, Università di Milano, IT-20133 Milano, ItalyA. BraccoUniversity of Milan, Milan, ItalyS. BrambillaIFIC, CSIC-Universitat de Valéncia, E-46980 Paterna, SpainI.P. BrawnRutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United KingdomA. BrondiNational Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1321, USAS. BroussardIFIC, CSIC-Universitat de Valéncia, E-46980 Paterna, SpainB. BruyneelUniversity of Cologne, Cologne, GermanyD. BucurescuINFN Sezione di Padova, IT-35131 Padova, ItalyI. BurrowsUniversité de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS-IN2P3, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, FranceA. BürgerUniversity of Oslo, Oslo, NorwayS. CabaretUniversité Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceB. D. CahanCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, FranceEnrico CaloreUniversité de Strasbourg, IPHC, 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg, FranceF. CameraUniversity of Milan, Milan, ItalyA. CapsoniINFN Sezione di Milano, IT-20133 Milano, ItalyF. Carrió ArgosUniversitat de València, Valencia, SpainGiulio CasatiPolitecnico di Milano, Milan, ItalyM. CastoldiUniversité de Strasbourg, IPHC, 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg, FranceB. CederwallKTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SwedenJ.-L. CercusUniversité Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceV. ChambertUniversité Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceM. El ChambitCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, FranceR. ChapmanUniversity of the West of Scotland, Paisley, United KingdomL. CharlesCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, FranceJoël ChavasINFN Sezione di Padova, IT-35131 Padova, ItalyE. ClémentCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, FranceP. CocconiINFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, IT-35020 Padova, ItalyS. CoelliIFIC, CSIC-Universitat de Valéncia, E-46980 Paterna, SpainP. J. Coleman-SmithSTFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, Warrington WA4 4AD, UKA. ColomboINFN Sezione di Padova, IT-35131 Padova, ItalyS. ColosimoUniversity of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingdomC. CommeauxUniversité Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceD. ConventiINFN Sezione di Padova, IT-35131 Padova, ItalyR.J. CooperUniversity of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingdomA. CorsiUniversity of Milan, Milan, ItalyAlessandro CortesiINFN Sezione di Milano, IT-20133 Milano, ItalyL. CostaUniversité de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS-IN2P3, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, F-69622 Villeurbanne, FranceF. C. L. CrespiUniversity of Milan, Milan, ItalyJ.R. CresswellUniversity of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingdomD. M. CullenUniversity of Manchester, Manchester, United KingdomD. CurienCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, FranceA. CzermakPolish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, PolandD. DelbourgUniversité Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceR. DepaloUniversity of Padua, Padua, ItalyT. DescombesUniversité Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, FranceP. DésesquellesUniversité Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceP. DetistovBulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, BulgariaC. DiarraUniversité Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceF. DidierjeanCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, FranceMatthew DimmockUniversity of Liverpool, Liverpool, United KingdomQ. T. DoanUniversité de Lyon, Lyon, FranceC. Domingo‐PardoUniversitat de València, Valencia, SpainM. DoncelUniversidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, SpainF. DorangevilleUniversité Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceN. DosmeUniversité Paris-Sud, Orsay, FranceYannick DrouenINFN Sezione di Padova, IT-35131 Padova, ItalyG. DuchêneUniversité de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
2011en
ABI
Аннотация
The Advanced GAmma Tracking Array (AGATA) is a European project to develop and operate the next generation γ-ray spectrometer. AGATA is based on the technique of γ-ray energy tracking in electrically segmented high-purity germanium crystals. This technique requires the accurate determination of the energy, time and position of every interaction as a γ ray deposits its energy within the detector volume. Reconstruction of the full interaction path results in a detector with very high efficiency and excellent spectral response. The realisation of γ-ray tracking and AGATA is a result of many technical advances. These include the development of encapsulated highly segmented germanium detectors assembled in a triple cluster detector cryostat, an electronics system with fast digital sampling and a data acquisition system to process the data at a high rate. The full characterisation of the crystals was measured and compared with detector-response simulations. This enabled pulse-shape analysis algorithms, to extract energy, time and position, to be employed. In addition, tracking algorithms for event reconstruction were developed. The first phase of AGATA is now complete and operational in its first physics campaign. In the future AGATA will be moved between laboratories in Europe and operated in a series of campaigns to take advantage of the different beams and facilities available to maximise its science output. The paper reviews all the achievements made in the AGATA project including all the necessary infrastructure to operate and support the spectrometer.
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