The Wear of High Speed Steel Cutting Tools Under the Action of Several Different Cutting Fluids

A study of the influence of soluble and straight cutting oils when turning on alloy steel with high speed steel tools is reported. The results indicate that under practical cutting conditions the straight oils did not penetrate to the chip-tool interface and hence did not exhibit a lubricating action, whilst the soluble oils showed considerable penetration. In all cases, the dominating wear form is shown to be the groove wear at the trailing edge, in that this wear controlled the complete failure of the tools. A neat oil is shown to be the best all round cutting fluid, increasing tool life in both roughing and finishing situations, whilst E.P. additives to the neat oil produce a consistent reduction in life. The soluble oils, with and without E.P. additives are shown to be effective only under roughing conditions.

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