Charged-Particle Multiplicity Density at Midrapidity in Central Pb-Pb Collisions at<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msqrt><mml:msub><mml:mi>s</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mi>N</mml:mi><mml:mi>N</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:msqrt><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn>2.76</mml:mn><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mtext> </mml:mtext><mml:mi>TeV</mml:mi></mml:math>
K. AamodtDepartment of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, NorwayB. AbelevLawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California,USAA. Abrahantes QuintanaCentro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, CubaD. AdamováNuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Řež u Prahy, Czech RepublicA. AdareYale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USAM. M. AggarwalPhysics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, IndiaG. Aglieri RinellaEuropean Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, SwitzerlandA. G. AgocsKFKI Research Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, HungaryS. Aguilar SalazarInstituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, MexicoZ. AhammedVariable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata, IndiaA. Ahmad MasoodiDepartment of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IndiaN. AhmadDepartment of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IndiaS. U. AhnGangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South KoreaA. AkindinovInstitute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, RussiaD. AleksandrovRussian Research center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, RussiaB. AlessandroSezione INFN, Turin, ItalyR. Alfaro MolinaInstituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, MexicoA. AliciDipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, ItalyA. AlkinBogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev, UkraineE. Almaráz AviñaInstituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, MexicoT. AltFrankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, GermanyV. AltiniDipartimento Interateneo di Fisica “M. Merlin” and Sezione INFN, Bari, ItalyS. AltinpinarResearch Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, GermanyI. AltsybeevC. AndreiA. AndronicResearch Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, GermanyV. AnguelovKirchhoff-Institut für Physik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, GermanyC. AnsonDepartment of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USAT. AntičićRudjer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, CroatiaF. AntinoriDipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, ItalyP. AntonioliSezione INFN, Bologna, ItalyL. AphecetcheSUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, FranceH. AppelshäuserInstitut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, GermanyN. ArborLaboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier, CNRS-IN2P3, Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble, Grenoble, FranceS. ArcelliDipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, ItalyA. ArendInstitut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, GermanyN. ArmestoDepartamento de Física de Partículas and IGFAE, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, SpainR. ArnaldiSezione INFN, Turin, ItalyT. AronssonYale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USAI. C. ArseneResearch Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, GermanyA. AsryanA. AugustinusEuropean Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, SwitzerlandR. AverbeckResearch Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, GermanyT. C. AwesOak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USAJ. ÄystöHelsinki Institute of Physics (HIP) and University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, FinlandM. D. AzmiDepartment of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, IndiaM. BachFrankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, GermanyA. BadalàSezione INFN, Catania, ItalyY. W. BaekGangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, South KoreaS. BagnascoSezione INFN, Turin, ItalyR. BailhacheInstitut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, GermanyR. BalaDipartimento di Fisica Sperimentale dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, ItalyR. Baldini FerroliCentro Fermi—Centro Studi e Ricerche e Museo Storico della Fisica “Enrico Fermi”, Rome, ItalyA. BaldisseriCommissariat à l’Energie Atomique, IRFU, Saclay, FranceA. BalditLaboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS—IN2P3, Clermont-Ferrand, FranceF. Baltasar Dos Santos PedrosaEuropean Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, SwitzerlandJ. BánInstitute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, SlovakiaR. BarberaDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, ItalyF. BarileDipartimento Interateneo di Fisica “M. Merlin” and Sezione INFN, Bari, ItalyG. G. BarnaföldiHungarian Academy of SciencesL. S. BarnbySchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United KingdomV. BarretLaboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS—IN2P3, Clermont-Ferrand, FranceJ. BartkeThe Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, PolandM. BasileDipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, ItalyN. BastidLaboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS—IN2P3, Clermont-Ferrand, FranceB. BathenInstitut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, GermanyG. BatigneSUBATECH, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, Université de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, FranceB. BatyunyaJoint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Dubna, RussiaC. BaumannInstitut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, GermanyI. G. BeardenNiels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkH. BeckInstitut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, GermanyI. BelikovInstitut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS-IN2P3, Strasbourg, FranceF. BelliniDipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, ItalyR. BellwiedWayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USAE. Belmont‐MorenoInstituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, MexicoS. BeolèDipartimento di Fisica Sperimentale dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, ItalyI. BerceanuA. BercuciE. BerdermannResearch Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, GermanyY. BerdnikovPetersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, RussiaC. BergmannInstitut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, GermanyL. BetevEuropean Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, SwitzerlandA. BhasinPhysics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, IndiaA. K. BhatiPhysics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, IndiaL. BianchiDipartimento di Fisica Sperimentale dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, ItalyN. BianchiLaboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN, Frascati, ItalyC. BianchinDipartimento di Fisica dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, ItalyJ. BielčíkFaculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech RepublicJ. BielčíkováNuclear Physics Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Řež u Prahy, Czech RepublicA. BilandzicNikhef, National Institute for Subatomic Physics, Amsterdam, NetherlandsE. BiolcatiDipartimento di Fisica Sperimentale dell’Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, ItalyAurélien BlancLaboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire (LPC), Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS—IN2P3, Clermont-Ferrand, FranceF. BlancoCentro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, SpainF. BlancoCentro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, SpainD. BlauRussian Research center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow, RussiaC. BlumeInstitut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, GermanyM. BoccioliEuropean Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, SwitzerlandNicolas BockDepartment of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USAA. BogdanovMoscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, RussiaH. BøggildNiels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
2010lv
ABI
Аннотация
The first measurement of the charged-particle multiplicity density at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=2.76\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$ is presented. For an event sample corresponding to the most central 5% of the hadronic cross section, the pseudorapidity density of primary charged particles at midrapidity is $1584\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}76(\mathrm{syst})$, which corresponds to $8.3\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.4(\mathrm{syst})$ per participating nucleon pair. This represents an increase of about a factor 1.9 relative to $pp$ collisions at similar collision energies, and about a factor 2.2 to central Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=0.2\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{TeV}$. This measurement provides the first experimental constraint for models of nucleus-nucleus collisions at LHC energies.
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