A Search for Photons with Energies Above 2 × 10<sup>17</sup> eV Using Hybrid Data from the Low-Energy Extensions of the Pierre Auger Observatory
P. AbreuLaboratrio de Instrumentao e Fsica Experimental de Partculas -LIP and Instituto Superior Tcnico -IST, Universidade de Lisboa -UL, Lisboa, PortugalM. AgliettaINFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, ItalyJustin M. AlburyUniversity of Adelaide, Adelaide, S.A., AustraliaI. AllekotteCentro Atmico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro (CNEA-UNCuyo-CONICET), San Carlos de Bariloche, ArgentinaKévin Almeida CheminantInstitute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, PolandA. AlmelaInstituto de Tecnologas en Deteccin y Astropartculas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, ArgentinaJaime Álvarez-MuñizInstituto Galego de Física de Altas Enerxías (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, SpainRafael Alves BatistaIMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The NetherlandsJuan Ammerman YebraInstituto Galego de Fsica de Altas Enerxas (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, SpainGioacchino Alex AnastasiINFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, ItalyLuis A. AnchordoquiDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Lehman College, City University of New York, Bronx, NY, USAB. AndradaInstituto de Tecnologas en Deteccin y Astropartculas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, ArgentinaS. AndringaLaboratrio de Instrumentao e Fsica Experimental de Partculas -LIP and Instituto Superior Tcnico -IST, Universidade de Lisboa -UL, Lisboa, PortugalC. AramoINFN, Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, ItalyP. R. Araújo FerreiraRWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, GermanyE. ArnoneINFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, ItalyJuan Carlos Arteaga VelázquezUniversidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, MéxicoH. AsoreyInstituto de Tecnologas en Deteccin y Astropartculas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, ArgentinaP. AssisLaboratrio de Instrumentao e Fsica Experimental de Partculas -LIP and Instituto Superior Tcnico -IST, Universidade de Lisboa -UL, Lisboa, PortugalGael Flores AvilaObservatorio Pierre Auger and Comisin Nacional de Energa Atmica, Malarge, ArgentinaEmanuele AvoconeGran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila, ItalyAlina Mihaela BadescuUniversity Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, RomaniaAlena BakalováInstitute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech RepublicA. Balaceanu"Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, RomaniaFelicia BarbatoGran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila, ItalyJ. A. BellidoUniversidad Nacional de San Agustin de Arequipa, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Formales, Arequipa, PeruC. BeratUniv. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, FranceM. E. BertainaINFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, ItalyGopal BhattaInstitute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, PolandPeter L. BiermannMax-Planck-Institut fr Radioastronomie, Bonn, GermanyVirginia BinetInstituto de Fsica de Rosario (IFIR) -CONICET/U.N.R. and Facultad de Ciencias Bioqumicas y Farmacuticas U.N.R., Rosario, ArgentinaK. BismarkInstituto de Tecnologas en Deteccin y Astropartculas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, ArgentinaTeresa BisterRWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, GermanyJonathan BiteauUniversit Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, FranceJiří BlažekInstitute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech RepublicC. BleveUniv. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble Institute of Engineering Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LPSC-IN2P3, 38000 Grenoble, FranceJ. BlümerKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe, GermanyM. BoháčováInstitute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech RepublicDenise BoncioliINFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Assergi (L'Aquila), ItalyC. BonifaziInternational Center of Advanced Studies and Instituto de Ciencias Fsicas, ECyT-UNSAM and CONICET, Campus Miguelete -San Martn, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaLuan Bonneau ArbeletcheUniversidade Estadual de Campinas, IFGW, Campinas, SP, BrazilNataliia BorodaiInstitute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Krakow, PolandAna Martina BottiInstituto de Tecnologas en Deteccin y Astropartculas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, ArgentinaJ. BrackColorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USAT. BretzRWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, GermanyP. Gabriel Brichetto OrcheraInstituto de Tecnologas en Deteccin y Astropartculas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, ArgentinaF. L. BriechleRWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, GermanyP. BuchholzUniversitt Siegen, Department Physik -Experimentelle Teilchenphysik, Siegen, GermanyA. BuenoUniversidad de Granada and C.A.F.P.E., Granada, SpainS. BuitinkVrije Universiteit Brussels, Brussels, BelgiumMario BuscemiINFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, ItalyM. BüskenInstituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, ArgentinaK. S. Caballero‐MoraUniversidad Autnoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutirrez, Chiapas, Mxico 39 Universit di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Milano, Italy 40 INFN, Sezione di Milano, Milano, Italy 41 Nationaal Instituut voor Kernfysica en Hoge Energie Fysica (NIKHEF), Science Park, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 42 Bergische Universitt Wuppertal, Department of Physics, Wuppertal, GermanyLorenzo CaccianigaUniversità di Milano, Dipartimento di Fisica, Milano, ItalyFabrizia CanforaIMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The NetherlandsIoana CaracasBergische Universität Wuppertal, Department of Physics, Wuppertal, GermanyR. CarusoINFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, ItalyA. CastellinaINFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, ItalyF. CatalaniUniversidade de São Paulo, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Lorena, SP, BrazilG. CataldiINFN, Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, ItalyLorenzo CazonInstituto Galego de Fsica de Altas Enerxas (IGFAE), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, SpainM. CerdaObservatorio Pierre Auger, Malargüe, ArgentinaC. DobrigkeitUniversidade Estadual de Campinas, IFGW, Campinas, SP, BrazilJ. ChudobaInstitute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech RepublicL. ChytkaPalacky University, RCPTM, Olomouc, Czech RepublicR. W. ClayUniversity of Adelaide, Adelaide, S.A., AustraliaA. C. Cobos CeruttiInstituto de Tecnologías en Detección y Astropartículas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), and Universidad Tecnológica Nacional—Facultad Regional Mendoza (CONICET/CNEA), Mendoza, ArgentinaR. ColalilloINFN, Sezione di Napoli, Napoli, ItalyA. ColemanUniversity of Delaware, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, Newark, DE, USAM. R. ColucciaINFN, Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, ItalyR. ConceiçãoLaboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas—LIP and Instituto Superior Técnico—IST, Universidade de Lisboa—UL, Lisboa, PortugalAntonio CondorelliGran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila, ItalyGiovanni ConsolatiINFN, Sezione di Milano, Milano, ItalyF. ContrerasObservatorio Pierre Auger and Comisin Nacional de Energa Atmica, Malarge, ArgentinaFabio ConvengaKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe, GermanyDiego Correia dos SantosUniversidade Federal Fluminense, EEIMVR, Volta Redonda, RJ, BrazilC. E. CovaultCase Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USAS. DassoDepartamento de Física and Departamento de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y los Océanos, FCEyN, Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET, Buenos Aires, ArgentinaK. DaumillerKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe, GermanyB. R. DawsonUniversity of Adelaide, Adelaide, S.A., AustraliaJ.A. DayUniversity of Adelaide, Adelaide, S.A., AustraliaR. M. de AlmeidaUniversidade Federal Fluminense, EEIMVR, Volta Redonda, RJ, BrazilJoaquín de JesúsKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute for Astroparticle Physics, Karlsruhe, GermanyS. J. de JongIMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The NetherlandsJ. R. T. de Mello NetoUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Fsica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilI. De MitriGran Sasso Science Institute, L'Aquila, ItalyJ. de OliveiraInstituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), BrazilDanelise de Oliveira FrancoUniversidade Estadual de Campinas, IFGW, Campinas, SP, BrazilF. de PalmaUniversità del Salento, Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "E. De Giorgi," Lecce, ItalyV. de SouzaUniversidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, BrazilEmanuele De VitoINFN, Sezione di Lecce, Lecce, ItalyA. Del PopoloINFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, ItalyMariano del RíoObservatorio Pierre Auger and Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Malargüe, ArgentinaO. DelignyCNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, FranceL. DevalInstituto de Tecnologas en Deteccin y Astropartculas (CNEA, CONICET, UNSAM), Buenos Aires, ArgentinaA. di MatteoINFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, ItalyM. Dobre"Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele, RomaniaC. DobrigkeitUniversidade Estadual de Campinas, IFGW, Campinas, SP, BrazilJuan Carlos D’OlivoUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, D.F., MéxicoLuis Miguel Domingues MendesLaboratrio de Instrumentao e Fsica Experimental de Partculas -LIP and Instituto Superior Tcnico -IST, Universidade de Lisboa -UL, Lisboa, Portugal
2022en
ABI
Аннотация
Abstract Ultra-high-energy photons with energies exceeding 10 17 eV offer a wealth of connections to different aspects of cosmic-ray astrophysics as well as to gamma-ray and neutrino astronomy. The recent observations of photons with energies in the 10 15 eV range further motivate searches for even higher-energy photons. In this paper, we present a search for photons with energies exceeding 2 × 10 17 eV using about 5.5 yr of hybrid data from the low-energy extensions of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The upper limits on the integral photon flux derived here are the most stringent ones to date in the energy region between 10 17 and 10 18 eV.
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