Globalisation, Corruption and Women Empowerment

The paper studies how well‐being of women is impacted by the interaction of prevalent corruption levels with the forces of globalisation. Given that corruption disproportionately affect women and girls as they generally start from low level of endowments on most socio‐economic aspects, it tests if the benefits of trade and investment linkages, information flows and political globalisation gets nullified by public sector corruption thereby actually reducing women's well‐being across seventy countries. Two‐stage least square estimates as well as GMM estimates confirm that higher levels of existing corruption can interact with trade linkages and capital mobility between countries to unambiguously reduce women empowerment. Sample split regressions show that the effect of the intensity of corruption remains significant in all cases and inversely affects women empowerment. The results are robust to alternate measures of corruption.

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