Hyper Suprime-Cam: System design and verification of image quality
Satoshi MiyazakiDepartment of Astronomical Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanYutaka KomiyamaDepartment of Astronomical Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanSatoshi KawanomotoNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanYoshiyuki DoiNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanHisanori FurusawaNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanTakashi HamanaNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanYusuke HayashiNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanHiroyuki IkedaNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanYukiko KamataNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanHiroshi KarojiNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanMichitaro KoikeNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanTomio KurakamiNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanS. MiyamaHiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, JapanTomoki MorokumaInstitute of Astronomy, The University of Tokyo, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-0015, JapanFumiaki NakataNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanKazuhito NamikawaNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanHidehiko NakayaNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanKyoji NariaiNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanYoshiyuki ObuchiNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanYukie OishiNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanNorio OkadaNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanYuki OkuraNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanPhilip J. TaitNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanTadafumi TakataNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanYôko TanakaNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanMasayuki TanakaDepartment of Particle and Nuclear Physics, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, JapanTsuyoshi TeraiNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanDaigo TomonoNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanFumihiro UraguchiNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanT. UsudaNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanYousuke UtsumiHiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, JapanYoshihiko YamadaNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanHitomi YamanoiNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanH. AiharaDepartment of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanHiroki FujimoriDepartment of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanSogo MineoDepartment of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanHironao MiyatakeJet Propulsion Laboratory, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USAMasamune OguriDepartment of Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, JapanTomohisa UchidaInstitute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, JapanM. TanakaDepartment of Particle and Nuclear Physics, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, JapanNaoki YasudaKavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanMasahiro TakadaKavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanHitoshi MurayamaKavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanAtsushi J. NishizawaInstitute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, JapanNaoshi SugiyamaInstitute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, JapanMasashi ChibaTohoku University, 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, JapanToshifumi FutamaseKyoto Sangyo University, Motoyama, Kamigamo, Kita-Ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 603-8555, JapanShiang‐Yu WangInstitute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, R.O.CHsin-Yo ChenInstitute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, R.O.CPaul T. P. HoInstitute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, R.O.CEric J.-Y. LiawAeronautical System Research Division, Chung Shan Institute of Science and Technology, No. 300-5, Ln. 277, Xi-an St., Xitun Dist., Taichung 40722, Taiwan, R.O.CChi-Fang ChiuAeronautical System Research Division, Chung Shan Institute of Science and Technology, No. 300-5, Ln. 277, Xi-an St., Xitun Dist., Taichung 40722, Taiwan, R.O.CCheng-Lin HoAeronautical System Research Division, Chung Shan Institute of Science and Technology, No. 300-5, Ln. 277, Xi-an St., Xitun Dist., Taichung 40722, Taiwan, R.O.CTsang-Chih LaiAeronautical System Research Division, Chung Shan Institute of Science and Technology, No. 300-5, Ln. 277, Xi-an St., Xitun Dist., Taichung 40722, Taiwan, R.O.CYao-Cheng LeeAeronautical System Research Division, Chung Shan Institute of Science and Technology, No. 300-5, Ln. 277, Xi-an St., Xitun Dist., Taichung 40722, Taiwan, R.O.CD. Z. JengAeronautical System Research Division, Chung Shan Institute of Science and Technology, No. 300-5, Ln. 277, Xi-an St., Xitun Dist., Taichung 40722, Taiwan, R.O.CSatoru IwamuraR. ArmstrongPrinceton University Observatory, 4 Ivy Ln, Princeton, NJ 08544-1001, USASteve BickertonKavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanJames BoschPrinceton University Observatory, 4 Ivy Ln, Princeton, NJ 08544-1001, USAJames E. GunnPrinceton University Observatory, 4 Ivy Ln, Princeton, NJ 08544-1001, USARobert H. LuptonPrinceton University Observatory, 4 Ivy Ln, Princeton, NJ 08544-1001, USACraig LoomisPrinceton University Observatory, 4 Ivy Ln, Princeton, NJ 08544-1001, USAP. A. PricePrinceton University Observatory, 4 Ivy Ln, Princeton, NJ 08544-1001, USAS.G. SmithPrinceton University Observatory, 4 Ivy Ln, Princeton, NJ 08544-1001, USAMichael A. StraussPrinceton University Observatory, 4 Ivy Ln, Princeton, NJ 08544-1001, USAEdwin L. TurnerKavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, JapanH. SuzukiHamamatsu Photonics, 1126-1, Ichino-cho, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 435-8558, JapanYasuhito MiyazakiHamamatsu Photonics, 1126-1, Ichino-cho, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 435-8558, JapanMasaharu MuramatsuHamamatsu Photonics, 1126-1, Ichino-cho, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 435-8558, JapanKoei YamamotoHamamatsu Photonics, 1126-1, Ichino-cho, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 435-8558, JapanMakoto EndoMitsubishi Electric, 8-1-1 Tsukaguchi-Honmachi, Amagasaki, Hyogo 661-0001, JapanYutaka EzakiMitsubishi Electric, 8-1-1 Tsukaguchi-Honmachi, Amagasaki, Hyogo 661-0001, JapanNoboru ΙτοMitsubishi Electric, 8-1-1 Tsukaguchi-Honmachi, Amagasaki, Hyogo 661-0001, JapanNoboru KawaguchiMitsubishi Electric, 8-1-1 Tsukaguchi-Honmachi, Amagasaki, Hyogo 661-0001, JapanSatoshi SofukuMitsubishi Electric, 8-1-1 Tsukaguchi-Honmachi, Amagasaki, Hyogo 661-0001, JapanTomoaki TaniikeMitsubishi Electric, 8-1-1 Tsukaguchi-Honmachi, Amagasaki, Hyogo 661-0001, JapanKotaro AkutsuCanon, 19-1 Kiyohara Industrial Park, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-3293, JapanNaoto DojoCanon, 19-1 Kiyohara Industrial Park, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-3293, JapanKazuyuki KasumiCanon, 19-1 Kiyohara Industrial Park, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-3293, JapanToru MatsudaCanon, 19-1 Kiyohara Industrial Park, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-3293, JapanKohei ImotoCanon, 19-1 Kiyohara Industrial Park, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-3293, JapanYoshinori MiwaCanon, 19-1 Kiyohara Industrial Park, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-3293, JapanMasayuki SuzukiCanon, 19-1 Kiyohara Industrial Park, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-3293, JapanKunio TakeshiHideo YokotaCanon, 19-1 Kiyohara Industrial Park, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-3293, Japan
2017en
ABI
Аннотация
Abstract The Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) is an 870 megapixel prime focus optical imaging camera for the 8.2 m Subaru telescope. The wide-field corrector delivers sharp images of 0${^{\prime\prime}_{.}}$2 (FWHM) in the HSC-i band over the entire 1${^{\circ}_{.}}$5 diameter field of view. The collimation of the camera with respect to the optical axis of the primary mirror is done with hexapod actuators, the mechanical accuracy of which is a few microns. Analysis of the remaining wavefront error in off-focus stellar images reveals that the collimation of the optical components meets design specifications. While there is a flexure of mechanical components, it also is within the design specification. As a result, the camera achieves its seeing-limited imaging on Maunakea during most of the time; the median seeing over several years of observing is 0${^{\prime\prime}_{.}}$67 (FWHM) in the i band. The sensors use p-channel, fully depleted CCDs of 200 μm thickness (2048 × 4176 15 μm square pixels) and we employ 116 of them to pave the 50 cm diameter focal plane. The minimum interval between exposures is 34 s, including the time to read out arrays, to transfer data to the control computer, and to save them to the hard drive. HSC on Subaru uniquely features a combination of a large aperture, a wide field of view, sharp images and a high sensitivity especially at longer wavelengths, which makes the HSC one of the most powerful observing facilities in the world.
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