Flora of coloured clays of Middle Asia (brief analysis and problems of genesis)

On the territory of the Kopetdag-Khorasan and mountainous Central Asia, in the Inner Tien Shan, and partly along the periphery of the mountains of the Northern Tien Shan, in the Turkestan deserts from Ustyurt to Turgai and Pribalkhashye and in the central lowland massifs of the Kyzylkum, red sandstones, alabaster, gypsum limestone and variegated clay are common and form characteristic landscapes of variegated outcrops. These outcrops are inhabited by a specific original flora, “flora of variegated outcrops”. Together with random species, there are more than 1,400 species of plants mainly associated with variegated outcrops of them – 682–685 species, 540 species are endemic, often for small patches of variegated outcrops in different counties. A detailed analysis of the complex of flora of variegated outcrops is given, which reflects, in many cases, the relation of different elements of the flora of Central Asia as a whole, as part of the common ancient Mediterranean flora. This is a typical, purely mountainous by the type of florogenesis, and by kindred connections, albeit peculiar, the flora of the southern strip of warm-tempered floras of the Old World on their contact with subtropical floras.

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