<i>Euclid</i>: Early Release Observations – Globular clusters in the Fornax galaxy cluster, from dwarf galaxies to the intracluster field
T. SaifollahiKapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, PO Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, The NetherlandsKarina VoggelUniversité de Strasbourg, CNRS, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg, UMR 7550, 67000 Strasbourg, FranceA. LançonUniversité de Strasbourg, CNRS, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg, UMR 7550, 67000 Strasbourg, FranceM. CantielloINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico d’Abruzzo, Via Maggini, 64100 Teramo, ItalyM. A. RajKapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, PO Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, The NetherlandsJ.-C. CuillandreUniversité Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceS. S. LarsenDepartment of Astrophysics/IMAPP, Radboud University, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The NetherlandsF. MarleauUniversität Innsbruck, Institut für Astro- und Teilchenphysik, Technikerstr. 25/8, 6020 Innsbruck, AustriaA. VenholaSpace physics and astronomy research unit, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, 90014 Oulu, FinlandM. SchirmerMax-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, GermanyD. CarolloINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34143 Trieste, ItalyP.-A. DucUniversité de Strasbourg, CNRS, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg, UMR 7550, 67000 Strasbourg, FranceA. M. N. FergusonInstitute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UKL. K. HuntINAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, ItalyM KümmelUniversitäts-Sternwarte München, Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Scheinerstrasse 1, 81679 München, GermanyR. LaureijsEuropean Space Agency/ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, 2201 AZ Noordwijk, The NetherlandsO. MarchalUniversité de Strasbourg, CNRS, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg, UMR 7550, 67000 Strasbourg, FranceA. A. NucitaDepartment of Mathematics and Physics E. De Giorgi, University of Salento, Via per Arnesano, CP-I93, 73100 Lecce, ItalyR. F. PeletierKapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, PO Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, The NetherlandsMélina PoulainSpace physics and astronomy research unit, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, 90014 Oulu, FinlandM. RejkubaEuropean Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, 85748 Garching, GermanyRubén Sánchez-JanssenUK Astronomy Technology Centre, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UKM UrbanoUniversité de Strasbourg, CNRS, Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg, UMR 7550, 67000 Strasbourg, FranceAbdurro’ufB. AltieriESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n., Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainM. BaesSterrenkundig Observatorium, Universiteit Gent, Krijgslaan 281 S9, 9000 Gent, BelgiumM. BolzonellaINAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalyChristopher J. ConseliceJodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UKPatrick CôtéNRC Herzberg, 5071 West Saanich Rd, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, CanadaPaola DimauroINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Monteporzio Catone, ItalyAnthony H. GonzalezDepartment of Astronomy, University of Florida, Bryant Space Science Center, Gainesville, FL 32611, USARebecca HabasINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico d’Abruzzo, Via Maggini, 64100 Teramo, ItalyP. HudelotInstitut d’Astrophysique de Paris, UMR 7095, CNRS, and Sorbonne Université, 98 bis boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, FranceMatthias KlugeMax Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, 85748 Garching, GermanyPratik LonareDipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, Roma, ItalyD. MassariINAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalyE. RomelliINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34143 Trieste, ItalyR. ScaramellaINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Monteporzio Catone, ItalyElisabeth SolaInstitute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UKConnor StoneDepartment of Physics, Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Blvd, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, CanadaC. TortoraINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Via Moiariello 16, 80131 Napoli, ItalyS. E. van MierloKapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, PO Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, The NetherlandsJ. H. KnapenDepartamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, SpainJ Martín-FleitasAurora Technology for European Space Agency (ESA), Camino bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urbanizacion Villafranca del Castillo, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692 Madrid, SpainA. MoraAurora Technology for European Space Agency (ESA), Camino bajo del Castillo, s/n, Urbanizacion Villafranca del Castillo, Villanueva de la Cañada, 28692 Madrid, SpainJ. RománDepartamento de Astrofísica, Universidad de La Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, SpainN. AghanimInstitut d'Astrophysique SpatialeA. AmaraSchool of Mathematics and Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UKS. AndreonINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via Brera 28, 20122 Milano, ItalyN. AuricchioINAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalyMarco BaldiDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Bologna, Via Gobetti 93/2, 40129 Bologna, ItalyA. BalestraINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Via dell’Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, ItalyS. BardelliINAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalyA. BassetCentre National d’Etudes Spatiales – Centre spatial de Toulouse, 18 avenue Edouard Belin, 31401 Toulouse Cedex 9, FranceR. BenderMax Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, 85748 Garching, GermanyD. BoninoINAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese (TO), ItalyE. BranchiniDipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, ItalyM. BresciaDepartment of Physics “E. Pancini”, University Federico II, Via Cinthia 6, 80126 Napoli, ItalyJ. BrinchmannInstituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto, CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, PortugalS. CameraDipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Torino, Via P. Giuria 1, 10125 Torino, ItalyV. CapobiancoINAF – Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese (TO), ItalyC. CarboneINAF-IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, ItalyJ. CarreteroCentro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas (CIEMAT), Avenida Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, SpainSantiago CasasInstitute for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology (TTK), RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, GermanyM. CastellanoINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via Frascati 33, 00078 Monteporzio Catone, ItalyS. CavuotiINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte, Via Moiariello 16, 80131 Napoli, ItalyA. CimattiDipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi” – Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, ItalyG. CongedoInstitute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UKL. ConversiESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n., Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainY. CopinUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822, Villeurbanne 69100, FranceF. CourbinInstitute of Physics, Laboratory of Astrophysics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Observatoire de Sauverny, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandH. M. CourtoisUCB Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IUF, IP2I Lyon, 4 rue Enrico Fermi, 69622 Villeurbanne, FranceM. CropperMullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UKA. Da SilvaDepartamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, PortugalH. DegaudenziDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. d’Ecogia 16, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandA. M. Di GiorgioINAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 100, 00100 Roma, ItalyJ. DinisDepartamento de Física, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Edifício C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, PortugalF. DubathDepartment of Astronomy, University of Geneva, ch. d’Ecogia 16, 1290 Versoix, SwitzerlandX. DupacESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n., Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainS. DusiniINFN-Padova, Via Marzolo 8, 35131 Padova, ItalyMaximilian FabriciusMax Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, 85748 Garching, GermanyM. FarinaINAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, via del Fosso del Cavaliere, 100, 00100 Roma, ItalyS. FarrensUniversité Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité, CEA, CNRS, AIM, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceS. FerriolUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS/IN2P3, IP2I Lyon, UMR 5822, Villeurbanne 69100, FranceP. FosalbaInstitut de Ciencies de l’Espai (IEEC-CSIC), Campus UAB, Carrer de Can Magrans, s/n Cerdanyola del Vallés, 08193 Barcelona, SpainM. FrailisINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34143 Trieste, ItalyE. FranceschiINAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalyM. FumanaINAF-IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, ItalyS. GaleottaINAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34143 Trieste, ItalyB. GarilliINAF-IASF Milano, Via Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, ItalyW. GillardAix-Marseille Université, CNRS/IN2P3, CPPM, Marseille, FranceB. GillisInstitute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, UKC. GiocoliINAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, Via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, ItalyP. Gómez-AlvarezESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n., Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, SpainB. R. GranettINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via Brera 28, 20122 Milano, ItalyA. GrazianINAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, Via dell’Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, ItalyF. GruppMax Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Giessenbachstr. 1, 85748 Garching, GermanyL. GuzzoDipartimento di Fisica “Aldo Pontremoli”, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, ItalyS. V. H. HauganInstitute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo, PO Box 1029 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, NorwayJ. HoarESAC/ESA, Camino Bajo del Castillo, s/n., Urb. Villafranca del Castillo, 28692 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain
2024en
ABI
Аннотация
We present an analysis of Euclid observations of a 0.6 deg 2 field in the central region of the Fornax galaxy cluster that were acquired during the performance verification phase. With these data, we investigated the potential of Euclid to identify globular clusters (GCs) at 20 Mpc and validated the search methods using artificial GCs and known GCs within the field from the literature. Our analysis of artificial GCs injected into the data shows that Euclid ’s data in the I E band is 80% complete at about I E ∼ 26.0 mag ( M V ~ –5.0 mag), and it resolves GCs as small as r h = 2.5 pc. In the I E band, we detected more than 95% of the known GCs from previous spectroscopic surveys and GC candidates of the ACS Fornax Cluster Survey, of which more than 80% are resolved. We identify more than 5000 new GC candidates within the field of view down to I E = 25.0 mag, about 1.5 mag fainter than the typical GC luminosity function turn-over magnitude, and we investigated their spatial distribution within the intracluster field. We then focused on the GC candidates around dwarf galaxies and investigated their numbers, stacked luminosity distribution, and stacked radial distribution. While the overall GC properties are consistent with those in the literature, we found an interesting over-representation of relatively bright candidates within a small number of relatively GC-rich dwarf galaxies. Our work confirms the capabilities of Euclid data in detecting GCs and separating them from foreground and background contaminants at a distance of 20 Mpc, particularly for low GC-count systems such as dwarf galaxies.
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