Influence of nitrogen and weather conditions on the grain quality of winter triticale

The protein content and falling numbers of five winter triticale cultivars were tested in very different weather conditions (1998/1999-2000/2001) on Stagnic Luvisol soils (WRB classification) in the experimental fields of the Department of Field Crop Husbandry of the Estonian Agricultural University near Tartu (58°23´N, 26°44´E). All cultivars were fertilised with nitrogen fertiliser (NH4NO3) in early spring, using a norm of 0-200 kg N ha -1 (increasing the amonts of fertiliser by 20 kg ha -1 ). Fertilising with nitrogen after hibernation at the tillering stage in early spring increased the protein content of seeds averaged over years and cultivars by up to 1.57% in dry matter. Protein levels depended most on the cultivar, less on the weather conditions of the growth year and least on the nitrogen fertiliser (the determination indices of a dispersion analysis were 0.35, 0.32 and 0.14, respectively). The yield and protein content were in negative correlation (r = 0,92*). Due to very different weather conditions during the growth period, the figures of the falling number were very different in different years.

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