APPLICATION OF GEOINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND REMOTE SENSING TO DETECT LAND USE AND CHANGES IN THE SOIL COVER CAUSED BY THE DRYING OF THE ARAL SEA

It is established that the Aral Sea problem, which is due to the negative impact of human activity over time, has led to environmental degradation in the Aral Sea region and changes in the soil cover. The extent of this ecological problem can be detected using geoinformation technologies and remote sensing methods. In this study, the maximum likelihood classification algorithm was applied in the presentation of Landsat images to detect changes in the soil cover based on multispectral satellite data obtained from Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 for 2008 and 2018, respectively. The resulting land-use maps indicate a significant increase in saline land from 18% to 22% during the period under study. These land transformations pose a severe threat to the land resources of the area. Consequently, proper management of the land resources is required to preserve them and to ensure that they continue to play their part in the socio-economic development of the region.

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