A Preparation based on Bacteria Isolated from Hypersaline Environments to Improve the Functional and Protective Characteristics of Concrete

Improving the strength and stability of cement-based structures in adverse environmental conditions with associated anthropogenic influences is possible through the development and implementation of nature-like and nature-friendly technologies. The ability of urobacteria to precipitate calcium carbonate can be useful in the manufacture of self-healing and reinforced concrete, in the crack healing and the restoration of concrete structures. Hypersaline environment is an ecological niche for search for microorganisms that are resistant to increased alkalinity, changing environmental conditions and stress. Screening of microorganisms allowed us to isolate the most active urobacteria, Lysinibacillus macroides and Bacillus licheniformis, from hypersaline lakes. The introduction of these microorganisms into the cement mixture significantly increased the strength of mortar specimens, reduced their porosity and capillary water absorption, which was associated with ongoing biocalcination. We studied the microstructure of spores of diatomite-immobilized bacteria and showed that this form provided long-term preservation of bacterial activity. A high activity of bacterial preparations in the healing of cement stone cracks was found. biomineralization, biocementation, extreme halophiles, crack healing, cement mortar, microbial concrete, urea hydrolysis. The work was supported by the D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia (Project no. 033-2018).

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