Surface Charge Studies on Lead Borosilicate Glass Containing Trace Sodium

Surface charge studies of lead borosilicate glass containing from a few to about 100 ppm alkalis by C‐V characteristic measurements of MGS capacitors, together with the stability test of glass‐passivated diodes, show positive surface charge formation by alkali ions. The surface charge shifts under BT treatment of both bias polarities increase with alkali content increase. The shift by +BT is thought to be caused by alkali ion accumulation in the glass‐to‐silicon interface, while negative charges, formed by alkali ion additions, may be considered to migrate and accumulate by −BT. Reducing alkali ion impurities improves high temperature stability to the level of zinc borosilicate glass.

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