Good Solvent Effects of C<sub>70</sub> Cluster Formations and Their Electron-Transporting and Photoelectrochemical Properties
Noriyasu TezukaDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, PRESTO,Tomokazu UmeyamaDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, PRESTO,Yoshihiro MatanoDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, PRESTO,Tetsuya ShishidoDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, PRESTO,Mitsuo KawasakiDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, PRESTO,Masayuki NishiDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, PRESTO,Kazuyuki HiraoDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, PRESTO,Heli LehtivuoriDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, PRESTO,Nikolai V. TkachenkoDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, PRESTO,Helge LemmetyinenDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, PRESTO,Yoshihito HonshoDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, PRESTO,Shu SekiDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, PRESTO,Hiroshi ImahoriDepartment of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland, Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan, PRESTO,
2010en
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Аннотация
Good solvent effects of C(70) cluster formations and their electron-transporting and photoelectrochemical properties have been systematically examined for the first time. Nano-to-micrometer scale assemblies of C(70) with different morphologies were prepared by rapidly injecting poor solvent (i.e., acetonitrile) into a solution of C(70) dissolved in various good solvents (i.e., benzene, toluene, chlorobenzene, etc). The cluster morphology engineering was successfully achieved by changing the good solvent, yielding the spherical, rodlike, or platelike clusters in the mixed solvents. The clusters of C(70) were electrophoretically deposited onto a nanostructured SnO(2) electrode to examine the photoelectrochemical properties under the white light or monochromatic light illumination. The maximum incident photon-to-current efficiency (IPCE) varied from 0.8 to 10% depending on the combinations of the poor-good solvents. The differences in the IPCE values are discussed in terms of the surface area, thickness, and electron mobility of the deposited cluster films. The electron mobility is found to be the most predominant factor for the IPCE, indicating the importance of the electron-transporting process in the overall photocurrent generation. In addition, the electron mobility is closely correlated with the underlying molecular alignment and the resultant cluster structure. Thus, these results will provide basic clue for the design of C(70)-based molecular devices including the organic photovoltaics.
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