Changes in the definition of property: A consideration for a 3D cadastral registration system

The Dutch Land Registration Office (the Netherlands' Kadaster) maintains the cadastre and registers the legal status of real estate objects.To be able to do this, the objects (parcels) are digitally stored and maintained in a spatial information system.Until now the spatial information system that is used to register the legal status of land is a two dimensional system: parcels are defined by 2D juridical boundaries.In areas with an increasing pressure on land, there is a growing interest in using space under and above the surface (e.g.underground constructions and infrastructure, growing number of cables and pipes).Therefore, 3D information becomes increasingly important in registering today's world.The current cadastral registration is based on the property relations in a column: the 2D parcel on the surface is the entrance for registration activities.Constructions under or above the surface are divided into parts that match with the parcels partitioning the surface.Establishing rights and limited rights on the parcels generates a horizontal division in the legal status of property.This means that the vertical dimension, which may be important, can not be reflected in the spatial information system and can therefore only be registered administratively (as an attribute of defined parcels).In the Netherlands, a 2D system to register the legal status of real estate objects is no longer sufficient for all cases.Therefore, the Netherlands' Kadaster called for a research to study the 3D issue of cadastral registration in the Netherlands in a fundamental way.This research project is carried out at the Department of Geodesy, Delft University of Technology in collaboration with the Netherlands' Kadaster.During this research the needs, possibilities and constraints to develop a 3D cadastre are examined.The research aims to develop a land information system, which can take into account the juridical relevant spatial information in the vertical dimension in case the situation requires this.It focuses on creating the possibility to define and represent real estate objects under and above the surface as an extension to the current cadastral registration system, which is based on defining and providing information on land in 2D (parcels).This paper contains an analysis of the background of the research project as well as the developed concept of a 3D cadastre.In addition, considerations for the implementation of this concept are described.

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