Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization

Controlled/living radical polymerization employs the principle equilibration between growing free radicals and various types dormant species. There are several approaches to achieve good control over molecular weights, polydispersities and end functionalities in these systems. They can be classified depending on the mechanism and chemistry of the equilibration/exchange process, as well as on the structure of the dormant species. Some them are catalyzed and some are not, some of them exhibit persistent radical effect and some do not. Currently three methods appear to be most efficient and may lead to commercial applications: nitroxide mediated polymerization, atom transfer radical polymerization and degenerative transfer processes. Their relative advantages and limitations are compared herein.

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