Solar Models: current epoch and time dependences, neutrinos, and helioseismological properties

We contrast the neutrino predictions from a set of eight standard-like solar models and four deviant (or deficient) solar models with the results of solar neutrino experiments. We also present the time dependences of some of the principal solar quantities that may lead ultimately to observational tests of the predicted time evolution by studying solar-type stars of different ages. In addition, we compare the computed sound speeds with the results of $p$-mode observations by BiSON, GOLF, GONG, LOWL, and MDI instruments. For solar neutrino and for helioseismological applications, we present present-epoch numerical tabulations of characteristics of the standard solar model as a function of solar radius, including the principal physical and composition variables, sound speeds, and neutrino fluxes.

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