Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Gas: Measurement of Energy and Ground-State Occupation
J. R. EnsherJILA, National Institute of Standards Technology and University of ColoradoD. S. JinJILA, National Institute of Standards Technology and University of ColoradoM. R. MatthewsJILA, National Institute of Standards Technology and University of ColoradoCarl WiemanJILA, National Institute of Standards Technology and University of ColoradoEric CornellJILA, National Institute of Standards Technology and University of Colorado
1996en
ABI
Аннотация
We measure the ground-state occupation and energy of a dilute Bose gas of ${}^{87}\mathrm{Rb}$ atoms as a function of temperature. The ground-state fraction shows good agreement with the predictions for an ideal Bose gas in a 3D harmonic potential. The measured transition temperature is $0.94(5){T}_{o}$, where ${T}_{o}$ is the value for a noninteracting gas in the thermodynamic limit. We determine the energy from a model-independent analysis of the velocity distribution, after ballistic expansion, of the atom cloud. We observe a distinct change in slope of the energy-temperature curve near the transition, which indicates a sharp feature in the specific heat.
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