Обзорная статья

Physical Activity for Cognitive and Mental Health in Youth: A Systematic Review of Mechanisms

David R. LubansPriority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan Campus, Australia;Justin RichardsPrevention Research Collaboration, School of Public Health and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Australia;Charles H. HillmanDepartment of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Illinois;Guy FaulknerSchool of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;Mark R. BeauchampSchool of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;Michael NilssonHunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Callaghan Campus, Australia;Paul KellyPhysical Activity for Health Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom;Jordan SmithPriority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan Campus, Australia;Lauren B. RaineDepartment of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Illinois;Stuart BiddleInstitute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living, Victoria University, Australia

2016en

ABI

Аннотация

CONTEXT: Physical activity can improve cognitive and mental health, but the underlying mechanisms have not been established. OBJECTIVE: To present a conceptual model explaining the mechanisms for the effect of physical activity on cognitive and mental health in young people and to conduct a systematic review of the evidence. DATA SOURCES: Six electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, Ovid Medline, SportDiscus, and Embase) were used. STUDY SELECTION: School-, home-, or community-based physical activity intervention or laboratory-based exercise interventions were assessed. Studies were eligible if they reported statistical analyses of changes in the following: (1) cognition or mental health; and (2) neurobiological, psychosocial, and behavioral mechanisms. DATA EXTRACTION: Data relating to methods, assessment period, participant characteristics, intervention type, setting, and facilitator/delivery were extracted. RESULTS: Twenty-five articles reporting results from 22 studies were included. Mechanisms studied were neurobiological (6 studies), psychosocial (18 studies), and behavioral (2 studies). Significant changes in at least 1 potential neurobiological mechanism were reported in 5 studies, and significant effects for at least 1 cognitive outcome were also found in 5 studies. One of 2 studies reported a significant effect for self-regulation, but neither study reported a significant impact on mental health. LIMITATIONS: Small number of studies and high levels of study heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS: The strongest evidence was found for improvements in physical self-perceptions, which accompanied enhanced self-esteem in the majority of studies measuring these outcomes. Few studies examined neurobiological and behavioral mechanisms, and we were unable to draw conclusions regarding their role in enhancing cognitive and mental health.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-1642

Цитирования и источники

Цитирований: 2Использованных источников: 0

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