Статья

Chromosome‐level genome of <i>Camellia lanceoleosa</i> provides a valuable resource for understanding genome evolution and self‐incompatibility

Wenfang GongKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non‐Wood Forest Trees of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Non‐Wood Forest Products of the Forestry Ministry Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha Hunan 410004 ChinaShixin XiaoKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non‐Wood Forest Trees of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Non‐Wood Forest Products of the Forestry Ministry Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha Hunan 410004 ChinaLinkai WangKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non‐Wood Forest Trees of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Non‐Wood Forest Products of the Forestry Ministry Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha Hunan 410004 ChinaZhenyang LiaoShenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenzhen 518120 ChinaYihong ChangKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non‐Wood Forest Trees of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Non‐Wood Forest Products of the Forestry Ministry Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha Hunan 410004 ChinaWenjuan MoCollege of Agriculture and Life Sciences, School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USAGuanxing HuKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non‐Wood Forest Trees of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Non‐Wood Forest Products of the Forestry Ministry Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha Hunan 410004 ChinaWenying LiKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non‐Wood Forest Trees of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Non‐Wood Forest Products of the Forestry Ministry Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha Hunan 410004 ChinaGuang ZhaoKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non‐Wood Forest Trees of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Non‐Wood Forest Products of the Forestry Ministry Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha Hunan 410004 ChinaHuaguo ZhuCollege of Biology and Agricultural Resources Huanggang Normal University Huanggang Hubei 438000 ChinaXiaoming HuCollege of Biology and Agricultural Resources Huanggang Normal University Huanggang Hubei 438000 ChinaKe JiKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non‐Wood Forest Trees of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Non‐Wood Forest Products of the Forestry Ministry Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha Hunan 410004 ChinaXiaofeng XiangKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non‐Wood Forest Trees of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Non‐Wood Forest Products of the Forestry Ministry Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha Hunan 410004 ChinaQiling SongKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non‐Wood Forest Trees of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Non‐Wood Forest Products of the Forestry Ministry Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha Hunan 410004 ChinaDeyi YuanKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non‐Wood Forest Trees of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Non‐Wood Forest Products of the Forestry Ministry Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha Hunan 410004 ChinaShuangxia JinNational Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan Hubei 430070 ChinaLin ZhangKey Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non‐Wood Forest Trees of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Non‐Wood Forest Products of the Forestry Ministry Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha Hunan 410004 China

2022en

ABI

Аннотация

The section Oleifera (Theaceae) has attracted attention for the high levels of unsaturated fatty acids found in its seeds. Here, we report the chromosome-scale genome of the sect. Oleifera using diploid wild Camellia lanceoleosa with a final size of 3.00 Gb and an N50 scaffold size of 186.43 Mb. Repetitive sequences accounted for 80.63% and were distributed unevenly across the genome. Camellia lanceoleosa underwent a whole-genome duplication event approximately 65 million years ago (65 Mya), prior to the divergence of C. lanceoleosa and Camellia sinensis (approx. 6-7 Mya). Syntenic comparisons of these two species elucidated the genomic rearrangement, appearing to be driven in part by the activity of transposable elements. The expanded and positively selected genes in C. lanceoleosa were significantly enriched in oil biosynthesis, and the expansion of homomeric acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) genes and the seed-biased expression of genes encoding heteromeric ACCase, diacylglycerol acyltransferase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and stearoyl-ACP desaturase could be of primary importance for the high oil and oleic acid content found in C. lanceoleosa. Theanine and catechins were present in the leaves of C. lanceoleosa. However, caffeine can not be dectected in the leaves but was abundant in the seeds and roots. The functional and transcriptional divergence of genes encoding SAM-dependent N-methyltransferases may be associated with caffeine accumulation and distribution. Gene expression profiles, structural composition and chromosomal location suggest that the late-acting self-incompatibility of C. lanceoleosa is likely to have favoured a novel mechanism co-occurring with gametophytic self-incompatibility. This study provides valuable resources for quantitative and qualitative improvements and genome assembly of polyploid plants in sect. Oleifera.

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Идентификаторы

DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15739

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