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Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) 2.0: A manifesto of open challenges and interdisciplinary research directions

Luca LongoSchool of Computer Science, Technological University Dublin, Republic of IrelandMario BrčićUniversity of Zagreb, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, CroatiaFederico CabitzaIRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi Sant’Ambrogio, Milan, ItalyJaesik ChoiINEEJI Corporation, Republic of KoreaRoberto ConfalonieriDepartment of Mathematics, University of Padua, ItalyJavier Del SerDepartment of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, DaSCI Andalusian Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, SpainRiccardo GuidottiUniversity of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyYoichi HayashiDepartment of Computer Science, Meiji University, Tokyo, JapanFrancisco HerreraDepartment of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, DaSCI Andalusian Institute in Data Science and Computational Intelligence, University of Granada, Granada, SpainAndreas HolzingerHuman-Centered AI Lab, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, AustriaRichard JiangSchool of Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, UKHassan KhosraviThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, AustraliaFreddy LécuéNational Institute for Research in Digital Science and Technology (INRIA), Sophia Antipolis, FranceGianclaudio MalgierieLaw Center for Law and Digital Technologies, Leiden University, NetherlandsAndrés PáezCenter for Research and Formation in Artificial Intelligence (CinfonIA), Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, ColombiaWojciech SamekBerlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data (BIFOLD), Berlin, GermanyJohannes SchneiderDepartment of Information Systems and Computer Science, University of Liechtenstein, LiechtensteinTimo SpeithCenter for Perspicuous Computing, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, GermanySimone StumpfSchool of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
2024en
ABI

Аннотация

Understanding black box models has become paramount as systems based on opaque Artificial Intelligence (AI) continue to flourish in diverse real-world applications. In response, Explainable AI (XAI) has emerged as a field of research with practical and ethical benefits across various domains. This paper highlights the advancements in XAI and its application in real-world scenarios and addresses the ongoing challenges within XAI, emphasizing the need for broader perspectives and collaborative efforts. We bring together experts from diverse fields to identify open problems, striving to synchronize research agendas and accelerate XAI in practical applications. By fostering collaborative discussion and interdisciplinary cooperation, we aim to propel XAI forward, contributing to its continued success. We aim to develop a comprehensive proposal for advancing XAI. To achieve this goal, we present a manifesto of 28 open problems categorized into nine categories. These challenges encapsulate the complexities and nuances of XAI and offer a road map for future research. For each problem, we provide promising research directions in the hope of harnessing the collective intelligence of interested stakeholders.

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