REDUCTION OF WIND-INDUCED AERODYNAMIC RESISTANCE ON THE AFROSIYOB HIGH-SPEED ELECTRIC TRAIN THROUGH RETROFIT MODIFICATIONS OF THE PANTOGRAPH ZONE, WAGON SPACING, AND BOGIE SECTION: COUPLED MATHEMATICAL MODEL AND ROBUST OPTIMIZATION

In high-speed electric trains, aerodynamic resistance increases sharply with increasing speed, and in wind (headwind/crosswind) conditions, the relative flow velocity and the appearance of the yaw angle further increase drag and energy consumption. This work proposes a mathematical model for the Afrosiyob train that combines (coupled) evaluation of retrophytic modifications by pantograph zone, wagon spacing (inter-car gap) and bogie/bottom. The main idea of the model is that simple addition of individual solutions by zones does not always give a general optimum; therefore, the CDA drag-area is represented by the term of zonal decomposition and interzonal coupling. This framework is connected to the robust optimization problem under wind statistics, aiming to simultaneously improve the expected energy in moderate conditions and the risk indicator in strong wind conditions. The results are obtained through 6-Simulation ablation (base, separate 3 zones, coupling zero sum, coupled optimum).

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