Educational Problems in Schools AND Madrasas Created by the Jadids

The article analyzes the activities of schools and madrasas in the Emirate of Bukhara in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, examining their curricula, administrative structures, and social significance. The ideological confrontation between the Jadids and the Qadimists (traditionalists) is explored through the example of the education system. Based on archival documents and historical sources, the study examines the integration of religious and secular subjects in madrasas, the procedures for appointing mudarrises (teachers), the waqf-based system of financing, and the organizational aspects of the educational process. The article also criticizes the one-sided interpretations found in Soviet-era historiography. The author argues that the Bukhara education system operated at a high level and played an important role as a center of scholarship and enlightenment.

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