Large-radius surface ions in helium

Surface electron states in helium are investigated theoretically in the presence of a strong magnetic field normal to the fluid-vapor boundary for the case when the density of the gas phase is not small. It is shown that the electron in the ground state deforms the gas medium, which partially dislodges the helium atoms from the region of its localization, and is converted into a new quasiparticle (a large-radius surface ion) with low mobility and high effective mass. It is shown that magnetic fields and helium gas concentrations less than the fields and concentrations assuring the stability of large-radius bulk ions are necessary for the stability of such quasiparticles. The effective mass of the surface ions and their mobility along the fluid- vapor boundary are calculated.

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