Quasi-two-dimensional Wigner crystals with a compound lattice

We demonstrate that it is possible to create a two-dimensional Wigner crystal with a compound lattice in a He3−He4 solution with microlayering or on a superfluid helium film covering a very smooth solid substrate. We show that a compound lattice is formed through the interaction of two planar Wigner lattices of the same charge located one above the other and separated by a finite distance. A theoretical analysis of the stability of such crystals shows that various structural transitions must occur in the system when the distance between the layers is changed.

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