Effect of the cathode spots of a vacuum arc on the properties of the surface layer of structural materials

The application of vacuum-arc discharge provides great opportunities for metallic-surface cleaning and the development of products with the required functional surface properties. The effect of vacuumarc treatment on the roughness of the surface, its mechanical properties, and the structure and composition of the surface layer is studied. The processing and cleaning of the surface of steel samples by cathode spots of a vacuum-arc discharge form a structurally changed layer with a thickness of up to 10 μm and a microhardness exceeding the initial one by 1.4–1.5 times. The deposition of 20% solution of KOH and NaOH alkalis (substances which reduce the electronic work function of the scale surface) on the processed steel surface reduces the specific power inputs of vacuum-arc cleaning by a factor of 1.5–2.4. The depletion of the surface layer of low-grade steels by impurity elements enhances its anticorrosion properties.

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