P4‐279: The study of risk factors for dementia of the Alzheimer's type

Relevance of the problem of senile dementia in the first place - dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT), combined now in the diagnostic category “Alzheimer's disease” (AD), is growing steadily. Aim was to investigate risk factors for AD and the factors-protectors, supposedly reduce the risk of disease. The study conducted clinicoanamnestic study of 40 patients observed in the neurology department of TMA to study the effects on biological indicators of morbidity, constitutional and personal and psychosocial (external) factors. The work was based on the evaluation of the occurrence of the alleged risk for AD, family history or personal history of individuals included in the study. The incidence of AD/DAT in old age groups corresponded to 5.1% for women and 2.9% for men (p <0.05). Among patients with AD/ DAT persons with low level of education were (0-4 educational years) significantly more than older people without mental disorders (p <0.005). The tendency of predominance the individuals with low professional level among patients with AD/ DAT compared with healthy people was observed, although the differences did not reach statistical significance (p> 0.05).In the total group of patients with DAT most significant risk factors of the disease was the presence of vascular dementia in old ages at first-degree relatives. The significance of the transferred in the past traumatic brain injury, occurring with symptoms of a concussion (without loss of consciousness) in patients with DAT and healthy subjects has been identified as risk factors for the development of DAT on the level of statistical significance. According to performed method of statistical analysis there liable factor-protector were the presence of acute as well as frequent psychotraumatic conditions in history. The value of ODDS ratio for smoking factor was on borderline accuracy as risk factor. It allows to regard the smoking only as conventional risk factor for DAT. The influence of brain damaging environmental factors increases the risk of development of DAT. At the same time the factors, which participate this way or another in neuroprotection mechanism or in activation of involved in pathogenesis neuromediatory system, can evidently decrease the risk of disease development.

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