Solving Social and Demographic Problems as a Factor of Sustainable Development
Аннотация
In conditions of economic reforms, the demographic challenges and problems of the social protection of population stand at the forefront. In the field of demography it is quite essential to consider such factors as birth, mortality rates, marriages, divorces, age and sex structure and migration. In the social protection sphere the first major factors that we must pay careful attention are the number of pensioners, children and disabled people. In Uzbekistan, in recent years, fewer people have left the country. This is due to the gradual increase in the incomes and in the relatively homogeneous ethnic structure of the population. The age and sex structure of the population are changing, furthermore the population is gradually aging, which in turn will lead to a great demographic burden on the part of a certain age. In addition, the disparity of the gender in rural and urban areas, can lead adversely effect on the social life. It should be noted that in recent years there has been a tendency for an increase in the number of birth in absolute numbers and slowdown in its rate of percentage. This trend will effect to the economy of the country as a whole, as its regions as well. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully study the demographic processes, to develop a set of measures to balance social protection, growth rates and population migration.