Molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus genotypes in Uzbekistan
Аннотация
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) holds the leading position among parenteral transmission hepatitis in Uzbekistan. HBV is heterogeneous and has 8 genotypes from A to H, with more than 8% differences between them. It has been proven that each specific HBV genotype is associated with a specific geographic region. HBV genotypes may have different biological properties, and the infectious process they cause may be accompanied by various clinical manifestations. There were single studies to determine the genotypes of HBV infection in Uzbekistan. The aim of the study was a determination of the prevalence of HBV genotypes in Uzbekistan. Methods & Materials: Blood samples of 113 patients with a verified diagnosis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) of varying degrees of activity residing in the territory of Uzbekistan were examined. HBV genotypes were determined in the Reference Laboratory of the Research Institute of Virology. Detection and differentiation of HBV genotypes A, B, C, D was performed in clinical material (blood plasma) by PCR method with hybridization-fluorescent detection of amplification products, using the AmpliSens HBV-genotype-FL kit (Russia). All HBV DNA positive patients were genotyped for HBV. Results: There two HBV genotypes were detected in patients with CHB living in Uzbekistan. The average age of patients at the time of detection of HBV genotypes was 39.6 ± 3.2 years old. HBV genotype D was detected in 109 (96.5%) patients, and HBV genotype A – in 4 (3.5%) of them. According to the degree of activity, patients with HBV genotype D were distributed as follows: the clinical picture mostly corresponded to a moderate degree of activity – in 54 patients (49.5%), low – in 27 (24.8%), minimal – in 15 (13.8%) and a pronounced degree of activity was significantly less common in 13 (11.9%) patients. The minimal degree of activity prevailed with HBV genotype A, which was determined in three out of four patients. Conclusion: Genotype D of HBV (96.5% cases) is predominant in Uzbekistan. Genotype A of HBV is found only in 3.5% of patients. Even within the same genotype, there may be significant differences in the clinical course of the disease.