EFFICACY OF PENTAVALENT ANTIMONIAL INJECTION IN IMPROVING THE OXIDATIVE, NITROSATIVE STATUS AND IMMUNE CELLULAR ENZYME ACTIVITY IN TREATING SAUDI PATIENTS WITH CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS

Macrophages, within which Leishmania sp. replicate, generate large amounts of reactiveoxygen species and reactive nitrogen species to kill these parasites. The present study aimed toassess the oxidative and nitrosative stresses and activities of key immune response enzymes inthe serum of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) before and after treatment withsodium stibogluconate as well as in the control individuals. Serum activities of superoxidedismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and levels of reducedglutathione, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) as well as those of L-arginase,myeloperoxidase (MPO), and adenosine deaminase (ADA) were studied. The activities of Larginase,MPO, ADA, and MDA and levels of NO were significantly elevated (P < 0.001),whereas those of SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px and levels of GSH were significantly reduced (P <0.001) before treatment compared with those after treatment and in control individuals.Treatment ameliorated these agents in comparison with the untreated group, but there werestill variations between the values of the treated and control groups. Thus, oxidative andnitrosative stresses may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of untreated CL.

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