Peculiarities of digging topinambur (Jerusalem artichoke) tubes on the irrigation lands of Uzbekistan

Jerusalem artichoke crops, as a new crop in irrigated agriculture in Uzbekistan, are expanding more and more. Scientists have developed many recipes for using Jerusalem artichoke tubers in the form of food additives that help improve the quality of bakery products, sausages, and various drinks. The pharmaceutical industry uses Jerusalem artichoke for the manufacture of medicines, in the chemical-technological industry, high-quality cellulose is obtained. In agriculture, it is used as a quality animal feed. Therefore, it is required to mechanize the entire cycle of its cultivation. The most time-consuming process is the harvesting of tubers. To dig up Jerusalem artichoke tubers, ordinary potato diggers are used, which are not adapted to dig up the tubers formed under the bottom of the irrigation furrows. The article provides materials on the adaptation of a potato digger for digging up Jerusalem artichoke tubers by installing a special ploughshare on it. Such a share has a complex working surface, adapted for more complete digging of tubers from under the irrigation furrow, reducing losses to 5 percent or less of the grown crop. Such a share must have an increased working width, which makes the process of its operation energy-intensive. Therefore, the authors propose to make a ploughshare from longitudinal strips - grates, when a part of the soil will be separated through their open intervals, facilitating the process of separating the soil from the tubers. Field experiments with such plowshares have shown their effectiveness.

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