Functionality of demonological vocabulary in Russian literature of the 19th century (based on the works of N. V. Gogol and M.Yu. Lermontov)

Аbstract: Literary interaction is a manifestation of interrelationships and cultural mutual enrichment of the peoples of the world. The development of world culture is characterized by a constant appeal to the classical samples of the culture of the past, their adaptation to the new reality. Literature has long contrasted "human" and "non-human", the highest deity and ordinary characters, and also included plots and images from lower mythology. With all the national-historical differences between peoples, people's attitudes to such categories as "good and evil", "life", "death", are very similar. This peculiar "without sign" of the semantics of traditional structures facilitates their entry into a foreign context, activates their epistemological orientation, which is manifested in the fact that the images in a transformed form contain information about the past of mankind and its main moral conflicts. Being the subject of moral reflection, "good and evil" have acquired great importance, becoming the meaning of spiritual search and choice.\n\nRepresentation of another special form of reality might be through demonology, which is considered to be logically incompatible with the reality of the world. In mythology, folklore, and art it is widely used, however, “supernatural” beings and images represent the worldview and ability of imagination of a person. The crucial characteristic of which is functioning in exceptional, mostly in unreal circumstances. Thoughts and ideas of people of different nations are on the basis of demonology, so as in the folklore of every nation researchers might find ideas, actions inclined to have demonological character. These features of demonology give up restrictive rules for writers, giving them freedom in creation and other opportunities for development. In Russian literature, evil spirits play a crucial role and authors paid great attention to the unreal being, because everything strange, which is difficult to explain by rational explanation was always interesting for people to know. In the works of N.V. Gogol and M. Yu. Lermontov reader might find the mixture of romantic lyrics with mysticism.

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