Ecological state of water bodies of Tashkent region for water supply of the population

Abstract. The aim of the research was to study the water quality of water bodies in the Tashkent region, which are the main sources of industrial and domestic drinking water supply for the population, to develop measures to protect them from pollution. The main waterways of the Tashkent region are the Chirchik and Akhangaran rivers. Discharge of insufficiently treated industrial effluents into water bodies leads to their contamination with chemicals. At the section of the Chirchik River after the discharge of industrial wastewater by the JV “Maksam-Chirchik”, the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, as well as BOD and COD exceed the standard values. Downstream in the Akhangaran River after the discharge of wastewater from the Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Combine, phenols in the winter period of the year are determined at the level of 0.003 mg / l. Their concentrations in spring and summer increase to 0.004 mg / l, and in autumn they amount to 0.005 mg / l (MPC 0.001 mg / l). The same dynamics was revealed by the content of oil products in river water: in winter their concentration is 0.36 mg / l, in spring 0.46 mg / l, in summer 0.53 mg / l and in autumn 0.56 mg / l (MPC 0.3 mg / l). Copper in the winter period of the year is found in the water of the river in concentrations of 7.2 mg / l, it rises to 8.9 mg / l in spring, up to 9.2 mg / l in summer with a maximum value in autumn - 10.2 mg / l (MPC 1.0 mg / l). A similar dynamics is set for zinc and cobalt. The maximum concentrations of iron and molybdenum in the section of the Akhangaran River below the discharges of the Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Combine were found in summer and autumn - at the level of 1.3 mg / l (MPC 0.3 mg / l) and 0.71 mg / l (MPC 0, 25 mg / l), respectively. Lead in the water of the Akhangaran River in winter and spring was found at a level of 0.03 mg / l, and in summer and autumn 0.04 mg / l (MPC 0.01 mg / l).

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