Ancient Plasmodium genomes shed light on the history of human malaria
Megan MichelDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. [email protected]Eirini SkourtaniotiDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyFederica PieriniDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyEvelyn K. GuevaraDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyAngela MötschDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyArthur KocherDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyRodrigo BarqueraDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyRaffaela A. BiancoDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanySelina CarlhoffDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyLorenza BoveDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanySuzanne FreilichDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyKaren GiffinDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyTaylor R. HermesDepartment of Anthropology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USAAlina HißDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyFlorian KnolleDepartment of Medical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Applied Sciences Jena, Jena, GermanyElizabeth A. NelsonMicrobial Palaeogenomics Unit, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, FranceGunnar U. NeumannDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyLuka PapacDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanySandra PenskeDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyAdam B. RohrlachAdelaide Data Science Centre, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, AustraliaNada SalemDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyLena SemerauDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyVanessa Villalba‐MoucoDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyIsabelle AbadieCentre Michel de Boüard, Centre de recherches archéologiques et historiques anciennes et médiévales, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, FranceMark AldenderferDepartment of Anthropology and Heritage Studies, University of California, Merced, Merced, CA, USAJessica BeckettMatthew BrownSociology and Anthropology Department, Farmingdale State College, Farmingdale, NY, USAFranco CampusDepartment of History, Human Sciences, and Education, University of Sassari, Sassari, ItalyTsang ChenghwaInstitute of Anthropology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, TaiwanMaría Cruz BerrocalInstitute of Heritage Sciences (INCIPIT), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Santiago de Compostela, SpainLadislav DamašekInstitute of Classical Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czech RepublicKellie Sara Duffett CarlsonHuman Evolution and Archaeological Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaRaphaël DurandService d'archéologie préventive Bourges plus, Bourges, FranceMichal ErnéeDepartment of Prehistoric Archaeology, Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech RepublicCristinel FântăneanuH. FrenzelAnatomy Institute, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, GermanyGabriel García AtiénzarInstituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología y Patrimonio Histórico, Universidad de Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig (Alicante), SpainSonia GuillénEllen HsiehInstitute of Anthropology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, TaiwanMaciej KarwowskiInstitut für Urgeschichte und Historische Archäologie, University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaDavid J. KelvinDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaNikki KelvinAlexander KhokhlovSamara State University of Social Sciences and Education, Samara, RussiaRebecca KinastonBioArch South, Waitati, New ZealandArkadii KorolevSamara State University of Social Sciences and Education, Samara, RussiaKim-Louise KrettekSenckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, GermanyMario KüßnerThuringian State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology, Weimar, GermanyLuca LaiDepartment of Anthropology, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USACory LookSociology and Anthropology Department, Farmingdale State College, Farmingdale, NY, USAKerttu MajanderDepartment of Environmental Science, Integrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science, University of Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandKirsten MandlDepartment of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, AustriaVittorio MazzarelloDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, ItalyMichael McCormickInitiative for the Science of the Human Past at Harvard, Department of History, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USAMaría Paz de Miguel IbáñezInstituto Universitario de Investigación en Arqueología y Patrimonio Histórico, Universidad de Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig (Alicante), SpainReg MurphyUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USARita E. NémethKerkko NordqvistHelsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandFriederike NovotnyDepartment of Anthropology, Natural History Museum Vienna, Vienna, AustriaMartin ObenausLauro Olmo-EncisoDepartment of History, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, SpainPäivi OnkamoDepartment of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, FinlandJörg OrschiedtInstitut für Prähistorische Archäologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, GermanyValerii PatrushevCentre of Archaeological and Ethnographical Investigation, Mari State University, Yoshkar-Ola, RussiaSanni PeltolaDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyAlejandro RomeroDepartamento de Biotecnología, Universidad de Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, SpainSalvatore RubinoDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, ItalyAntti SajantilaDepartment of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FinlandDomingo C. Salazar‐GarcíaDepartament de Prehistòria, Arqueologia i Història Antiga, Universitat de València, Valencia, SpainElena SerranoInstituto Internacional de Investigaciones Prehistóricas, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, SpainShapulat ShaydullaevFaculty of History, Termez State University, Termez, UzbekistanEmanuela SiasMario ŠlausAnthropological Center, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Zagreb, CroatiaLadislav StančoInstitute of Classical Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czech RepublicTreena SwanstonDepartment of Anthropology, Economics and Political Science, MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaMaria Teschler‐NicolaDepartment of Anthropology, Natural History Museum Vienna, Vienna, AustriaFrédérique ValentinUMR 8068, CNRS, Nanterre, FranceKatrien Van de VijverCenter for Archaeological Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumTamara L. VarneyDepartment of Anthropology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, CanadaAlfonso Vigil-Escalera GuiradoDepartamento de Humanidades: Historia, Geografía y Arte, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Getafe, SpainChristopher K. WatersHeritage Department, National Parks of Antigua and Barbuda, St. Paul's Parish, Antigua and BarbudaEstella Weiss‐KrejciAustrian Archaeological Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, AustriaEduard WinterDepartment of Anthropology, Natural History Museum Vienna, Vienna, AustriaThiseas C. LamnidisDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyKay PrüferDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyKathrin NägeleDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyMaria A. SpyrouArchaeo- and Palaeogenetics, Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, GermanyStephan SchiffelsDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyPhilipp W. StockhammerDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyWolfgang HaakDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyCosimo PosthArchaeo- and Palaeogenetics, Institute for Archaeological Sciences, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, GermanyChristina WarinnerDepartment of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USAKirsten I. BosDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, GermanyAlexander HerbigDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. [email protected]Johannes KrauseDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. [email protected]
ABI
Аннотация
Abstract Malaria-causing protozoa of the genus Plasmodium have exerted one of the strongest selective pressures on the human genome, and resistance alleles provide biomolecular footprints that outline the historical reach of these species 1 . Nevertheless, debate persists over when and how malaria parasites emerged as human pathogens and spread around the globe 1,2 . To address these questions, we generated high-coverage ancient mitochondrial and nuclear genome-wide data from P. falciparum , P. vivax and P. malariae from 16 countries spanning around 5,500 years of human history. We identified P. vivax and P. falciparum across geographically disparate regions of Eurasia from as early as the fourth and first millennia bce , respectively; for P. vivax , this evidence pre-dates textual references by several millennia 3 . Genomic analysis supports distinct disease histories for P. falciparum and P. vivax in the Americas: similarities between now-eliminated European and peri-contact South American strains indicate that European colonizers were the source of American P. vivax , whereas the trans-Atlantic slave trade probably introduced P. falciparum into the Americas. Our data underscore the role of cross-cultural contacts in the dissemination of malaria, laying the biomolecular foundation for future palaeo-epidemiological research into the impact of Plasmodium parasites on human history. Finally, our unexpected discovery of P. falciparum in the high-altitude Himalayas provides a rare case study in which individual mobility can be inferred from infection status, adding to our knowledge of cross-cultural connectivity in the region nearly three millennia ago.
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