Generation of a second-order optical vortex in a polarization interferometer

Subject of study. A method for generating an optical vortex and its analysis in far-field diffraction using rays reflected from a combination of two retroreflectors (corner cube reflectors) with a special interference phase-shifting coating comprising a polarization interferometer are presented. When the corner cube reflectors are positioned correctly relative to each other, a second-order optical vortex is formed. Aim of study. The study aims to provide an experimental confirmation of the previously predicted theoretical possibility of obtaining an optical vortex in the near and far diffraction zones, as well as conducting their visual analysis. Method. The proposed schemes enable the generation of second-order optical vortices in the near and far diffraction zones. Main results. Schemes of installation for the formation of an optical vortex and its analysis are shown. The results show that the phase and polarization distributions of the obtained patterns correspond to theoretical results. Practical significance. Optical vortices are used for micromanipulation and data transmission. The proposed generation method, notwithstanding some limitations, can be useful in several tasks, particularly, when it is necessary to quickly turn the vortex on and off, when using non-monochromatic light, and when manipulating entangled photons.

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