Cotton and Scientific Life of Turkestan region: from Entomology to Phytopathology

From the middle of the 19th century there were begun an active introduction and spread of cotton crops in Turkestan, intensified its scientific study, the peculiarities of its cultivation, there were developed the methods of increasing its productivity and also there were studied cotton diseases and its pests. The cultivation of cotton in Turkestan, the difficulties associated with its cultivation (death of plants and crops, diseases, pests), led the Turkestan administration to understanding the importance of conducting the experiments, creating experimental fields, and, consequently, the scientific study of cotton crops and the characteristics of its cultivation, which contributed to making foundations of future scientific directions as phytopathology, botany and entomology and scientific schools of cotton growing in Uzbekistan. At the same time, scientific research and experiments with the cultivation of cotton in Turkestan contributed to the formation of a separate discourse in studies of Russian Turkestan’s economy as “Turkestan’s cotton”. Thus, “Turkestan’s cotton” has made contribution to the region’s modernization, affecting all spheres of life of Turkestani society — economic, social and cultural (scientific).

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