Influence of the use of preservatives on the quality of silage in permafrost conditions

The results of studies of laboratory experience on ensiling oats using various options for environmentally friendly preservatives are presented. In the conditions of Yakutia in a long period of stall keeping of cattle, in the diets of animals, in addition to coarse and concentrated feed, there should be sufficient quantities of succulent feed, bulky feed in the form of silage, haylage and green fodder are becoming increasingly important in feeding imported highly productive lactating cows and fattening cattle in the region. Experiments are carried out in glass vessels according to the scheme: self-preservation (control); with the addition of table salt 2 kg/t; with the addition of 15.0 l/t EAP; with the addition of 20.0 l/t EAP; with the addition of a biological product (EM-VITA). In silos, the chemical composition and quality were studied according to the following indicators: taste, color, smell, structure. The pH value is determined potentiometrically, the total acidity is determined titrometrically, and organic acids are determined by Wigner distillation. The experiments were carried out in glass vessels of 1.0 liters. The crushed green mass with a moisture content of up to 80.0% is compacted, sealed and stored for 30 and 60 days. In the variants of the electroactivated solution of table salt, anolyte prepared by the STEL-20 laboratory installation was used, with a pH of 2.5-3.0, an ORP of 1000-1100 mV, an oxidant content based on active oxygen of 10 mg/l, with a consumption of 10-12 g per 1 kg of raw materials. The active acidity in the silo during self-preservation (under control) was pH 6.0. When canned using a solution of table salt at a dose of 2 kg / t, the pH acidity is 3.7, on the EAP variant 15 l/t pH -4.0, AER 20 l/t active acidity is 3.6. When canned using the biological product EM-VITA, the pH of the silage is 4.2. According to the study, it was found that the laying of silage using ecological preservatives - table salt at a dose of 2 kg/t, an electroactivated solution of table salt at a dose of 15 l/t and at a dose of 20 l/t, as well as a biological product EM-VITA helps to maintain the quality and nutritional value of the silage mass by 60-70% or more. It also ensures the absence of butyric acid in all silage variants and the optimal ratio of acetic and lactic acid in salt versions of 2 kg/t and EAP of 20 l/t.

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