Мақола

9,000-year-old barley consumption in the foothills of central Asia

Xinying ZhouCollege of Cultural Heritage, Northwest UniversityRobert N. SpenglerDomestication and Anthropogenic Evolution Research Group, Max Planck Institute of GeoanthropologyBahediyoh SayfullaevNational Center of Archeology, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of UzbekistanKhasanov MutalibjonFaculty of History, University of FerghanaJian MaCollege of Cultural Heritage, Northwest UniversityJunchi LiuCollege of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesHui ShênCollege of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKeliang ZhaoCollege of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesGuanhan ChenCollege of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesWang JianCollege of Cultural Heritage, Northwest UniversityThomas A. StidhamDepartment of Biology, Austin CollegeHai XuInstitute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin UniversityGuilin ZhangInstitute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin UniversityQingjiang YangCollege of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesYemao HouCollege of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesJianhang MaCollege of Cultural Heritage, Northwest UniversityNasibillo KambarovFaculty of History, University of Ferghana, Ferghana 712000, UzbekistanFarhod MaksudovNational Center of Archeology, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of UzbekistanSteven T. GoldsteinDepartment of Anthropology, University of PittsburghJianxin WangCollege of Cultural Heritage, Northwest UniversityDorian Q. FullerInstitute of Archaeology, University College LondonXiaoqiang LiCollege of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciencesjournal2025en

ABI

Аннотация

Scholars are increasingly favoring models for the origins of agriculture that involve a protracted process of increasing interdependence within a series of mutualistic relationships between humans and plants, as opposed to a rapid single event or innovation. Nonetheless, these scholars continue to debate over when people first started foraging for grass seeds, when they began to readily utilize sickles, how prominent the early selection pressures were, and when the first traits of domestication fully introgressed into the cultivated grass population. Here, we present complementary archaeobotanical and archaeological (stone tool) evidence for cereal foragers from Toda-1 Cave in the Surkhan Darya, dating to 9200 cal BP. We conclude that early Holocene foragers were processing grains along with nuts and fruits as far north as the rich river valleys of southern Uzbekistan. These data expand the known range that preagricultural cereal foragers covered in the early Holocene, adding to our understanding of the cultural processes that led to farming. Additionally, we present the earliest evidence for people interacting with the progenitors for pistachios and apples (or a close apple relative). The complex foraging behaviors that led to cultivation were being undertaken by people during the early Holocene across a wider area of Eurasia than previously thought.

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Мавзулар

Archaeology and ancient environmental studies Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology

Идентификаторлар

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2424093122

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