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Scaffold-Hopping Design and Synthesis of Thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines: Anticancer Activity, Apoptosis Induction, and In Silico Inhibition of CDKs

Zukela RuziSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changji University, Changji 831100, ChinaAnvarjon BuronovDepartment of Organic Synthesis and Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University, University Blvd. 15, Samarkand 140104, UzbekistanLifei NieState Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Beijing Rd 40-1, Urumqi 830011, ChinaAzizbek NasrullaevDepartment of Organic Synthesis and Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University, University Blvd. 15, Samarkand 140104, UzbekistanZarifa MurtazaevaDepartment of Organic Synthesis and Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University, University Blvd. 15, Samarkand 140104, UzbekistanRustamkhon KuryazovDepartment of Chemistry, Urgench State University, Kh. Olimjon st. 14, Urgench 220100, UzbekistanJiangyu ZhaoState Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Beijing Rd 40-1, Urumqi 830011, ChinaThomas EfferthDepartment of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, GermanyHaji Akber AisaState Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, South Beijing Rd 40-1, Urumqi 830011, ChinaKhurshed BozorovDepartment of Organic Synthesis and Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, Samarkand State University, University Blvd. 15, Samarkand 140104, Uzbekistan
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Аннотация

Two series of tricyclic thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines were synthesized, achieving yields of up to 97%. The tricyclic thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines examined in this study are synthetic analogs of the deoxyvasicinone alkaloids, where the thiophene ring substitutes for the benzene ring. A systematic investigation was conducted on the scaffold-hopping strategy of these alkaloids, emphasizing the selective synthesis and anticancer properties of thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines. The anticancer evaluation was performed on human cancer cell lines, specifically cervical HeLa and colon HT-29 carcinoma cells. Additional bioassays included cell migration analyses, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and molecular docking analyses. Furthermore, molecular docking studies showed that the most active small molecule 6e is likely to disrupt the cell cycle process through targeting CDKs (Cyclin-dependent kinases), leading to the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.

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