Cu-doped In <sub>2</sub> S <sub>3</sub> quantum dot-CeO <sub>2</sub> nanorod hybrid electrodes <i>via</i> 3D nanoprinting-inspired structuring for ultrasensitive heavy metal detection
Аннотация
detection. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) enabled simultaneous monitoring with well-resolved anodic peaks (150-200 mV separation), broad linear range (0.1 nM to 50 µM), and low detection limits down to 32-60 nM. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirmed reduced charge transfer resistance (∼150 Ω), consistent with accelerated interfacial kinetics. Importantly, the sensor showed strong resilience in ISO 15189-compliant artificial serum and synthetic urine, achieving recoveries of 95.5-99.0% with RSD < 4.5%. This work demonstrates how synergistic nanocomposite chemistry combined with advanced electrode structuring can deliver scalable and robust electrochemical platforms for real-time heavy metal detection in biomedical and environmental applications.
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