Enhanced Extraction of Valuable Metals from Copper Slags by Disrupting Fayalite and Spinel Structures Using Sodium Sulfate

This study investigates the effects of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) dosage, reaction temperature, and processing time on the structural decomposition of complex compounds in copper slag. Experimental results demonstrated that applying 20% Na2SO4 achieves an impressive decomposition rate of 89%, highlighting its effectiveness in liberating valuable metals from the slag matrix. The optimal temperature for maximizing fayalite decomposition is determined to be 900 °C, which significantly enhances reaction kinetics and efficiency. Furthermore, extending the reaction time to 90 min resulted in the highest observed decomposition efficiency. Subsequent leaching experiments in sulfuric acid confirmed that the liberated metal transitioned into the solution phase was very effective, ensuring high metal recovery rates. The treated samples demonstrated metal recovery rates of 97% for copper (Cu), 96% for iron (Fe), and 93% for zinc (Zn). In contrast, the untreated samples exhibited considerably lower recovery rates, with copper at 61%, iron at 59%, and zinc at 65%. Additionally, this approach mitigates filtration challenges by preventing the formation of silica gel. These findings provide key operational parameters for optimizing metal recovery from copper slag and establish a solid foundation for advancing sustainable and efficient resource extraction research.

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